from machine import Pin, SoftI2C 
from time import sleep
from I2C_LCD import I2cLcd
from hcsr04 import HCSR04
from servo import servo

i2c_add = 0x27
i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21))
lcd = I2cLcd(i2c, i2c_add, 2, 16)
sensor_p = HCSR04(trigger_pin=33, echo_pin=25)
ServoMotor = servo(12, 25, 125)

EstaLaMascota = True
 
while True:
    lcd.move_to(2, 2)
    lcd.putstr('Cargando')
    sleep(1)
    lcd.clear()
    Distancia = sensor_p.distance_cm()
    Rango = Distancia <= 30
    print('distancia:', Distancia)
    sleep(0.5)
    
    if not EstaLaMascota:
        
        if not Rango:
            EstaLaMascota = True
            
    elif Rango:
        lcd.move_to(0, 0)
        lcd.putstr("Alimentando")
        ServoMotor.set_angle(180)
        sleep(2)
        ServoMotor.set_angle(90)
        lcd.clear()
        EstaLaMascota = True


main.py

diagram.json

from LCD_API import LcdApi
from machine import I2C
from time import sleep_ms

# The PCF8574 has a jumper selectable address: 0x20 - 0x27
DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR = 0x27

# Defines shifts or masks for the various LCD line attached to the PCF8574

MASK_RS = 0x01
MASK_RW = 0x02
MASK_E = 0x04
SHIFT_BACKLIGHT = 3
SHIFT_DATA = 4


class I2cLcd(LcdApi):
    def __init__(self, i2c, i2c_addr, num_lines, num_columns):
        self.i2c = i2c
        self.i2c_addr = i2c_addr
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([0]))
        sleep_ms(20)   # Allow LCD time to powerup
        # Send reset 3 times
        self.hal_write_init_nibble(self.LCD_FUNCTION_RESET)
        sleep_ms(5)    # need to delay at least 4.1 msec
        self.hal_write_init_nibble(self.LCD_FUNCTION_RESET)
        sleep_ms(1)
        self.hal_write_init_nibble(self.LCD_FUNCTION_RESET)
        sleep_ms(1)
        # Put LCD into 4 bit mode
        self.hal_write_init_nibble(self.LCD_FUNCTION)
        sleep_ms(1)
        LcdApi.__init__(self, num_lines, num_columns)
        cmd = self.LCD_FUNCTION
        if num_lines > 1:
            cmd |= self.LCD_FUNCTION_2LINES
        self.hal_write_command(cmd)

    def hal_write_init_nibble(self, nibble):
        """Writes an initialization nibble to the LCD.

        This particular function is only used during initialization.
        """
        byte = ((nibble >> 4) & 0x0f) << SHIFT_DATA
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte | MASK_E]))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte]))

    def hal_backlight_on(self):
        """Allows the hal layer to turn the backlight on."""
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([1 << SHIFT_BACKLIGHT]))

    def hal_backlight_off(self):
        """Allows the hal layer to turn the backlight off."""
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([0]))

    def hal_write_command(self, cmd):
        """Writes a command to the LCD.

        Data is latched on the falling edge of E.
        """
        byte = ((self.backlight << SHIFT_BACKLIGHT) | (((cmd >> 4) & 0x0f) << SHIFT_DATA))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte | MASK_E]))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte]))
        byte = ((self.backlight << SHIFT_BACKLIGHT) | ((cmd & 0x0f) << SHIFT_DATA))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte | MASK_E]))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte]))
        if cmd <= 3:
            # The home and clear commands require a worst case delay of 4.1 msec
            sleep_ms(5)

    def hal_write_data(self, data):
        """Write data to the LCD."""
        byte = (MASK_RS | (self.backlight << SHIFT_BACKLIGHT) | (((data >> 4) & 0x0f) << SHIFT_DATA))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte | MASK_E]))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte]))
        byte = (MASK_RS | (self.backlight << SHIFT_BACKLIGHT) | ((data & 0x0f) << SHIFT_DATA))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte | MASK_E]))
        self.i2c.writeto(self.i2c_addr, bytearray([byte]))




I2C_LCD.py

import time

class LcdApi:
    # The following constant names were lifted from the avrlib lcd.h
    # header file, however, I changed the definitions from bit numbers
    # to bit masks.
    #
    # LCD controller command set

    LCD_CLR = 0x01              # DB0: clear display
    LCD_HOME = 0x02             # DB1: return to home position

    LCD_ENTRY_MODE = 0x04       # DB2: set entry mode
    LCD_ENTRY_INC = 0x02        # --DB1: increment
    LCD_ENTRY_SHIFT = 0x01      # --DB0: shift

    LCD_ON_CTRL = 0x08          # DB3: turn lcd/cursor on
    LCD_ON_DISPLAY = 0x04       # --DB2: turn display on
    LCD_ON_CURSOR = 0x02        # --DB1: turn cursor on
    LCD_ON_BLINK = 0x01         # --DB0: blinking cursor

    LCD_MOVE = 0x10             # DB4: move cursor/display
    LCD_MOVE_DISP = 0x08        # --DB3: move display (0-> move cursor)
    LCD_MOVE_RIGHT = 0x04       # --DB2: move right (0-> left)

    LCD_FUNCTION = 0x20         # DB5: function set
    LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT = 0x10    # --DB4: set 8BIT mode (0->4BIT mode)
    LCD_FUNCTION_2LINES = 0x08  # --DB3: two lines (0->one line)
    LCD_FUNCTION_10DOTS = 0x04  # --DB2: 5x10 font (0->5x7 font)
    LCD_FUNCTION_RESET = 0x30   # See "Initializing by Instruction" section

    LCD_CGRAM = 0x40            # DB6: set CG RAM address
    LCD_DDRAM = 0x80            # DB7: set DD RAM address

    LCD_RS_CMD = 0
    LCD_RS_DATA = 1

    LCD_RW_WRITE = 0
    LCD_RW_READ = 1

    def __init__(self, num_lines, num_columns):
        self.num_lines = num_lines
        if self.num_lines > 4:
            self.num_lines = 4
        self.num_columns = num_columns
        if self.num_columns > 40:
            self.num_columns = 40
        self.cursor_x = 0
        self.cursor_y = 0
        self.backlight = True
        self.display_off()
        self.backlight_on()
        self.clear()
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_ENTRY_MODE | self.LCD_ENTRY_INC)
        self.hide_cursor()
        self.display_on()

    def clear(self):
        """Clears the LCD display and moves the cursor to the top left
        corner.
        """
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_CLR)
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_HOME)
        self.cursor_x = 0
        self.cursor_y = 0

    def show_cursor(self):
        """Causes the cursor to be made visible."""
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_ON_CTRL | self.LCD_ON_DISPLAY |
                               self.LCD_ON_CURSOR)

    def hide_cursor(self):
        """Causes the cursor to be hidden."""
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_ON_CTRL | self.LCD_ON_DISPLAY)

    def blink_cursor_on(self):
        """Turns on the cursor, and makes it blink."""
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_ON_CTRL | self.LCD_ON_DISPLAY |
                               self.LCD_ON_CURSOR | self.LCD_ON_BLINK)

    def blink_cursor_off(self):
        """Turns on the cursor, and makes it no blink (i.e. be solid)."""
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_ON_CTRL | self.LCD_ON_DISPLAY |
                               self.LCD_ON_CURSOR)

    def display_on(self):
        """Turns on (i.e. unblanks) the LCD."""
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_ON_CTRL | self.LCD_ON_DISPLAY)

    def display_off(self):
        """Turns off (i.e. blanks) the LCD."""
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_ON_CTRL)

    def backlight_on(self):
        """Turns the backlight on.

        This isn't really an LCD command, but some modules have backlight
        controls, so this allows the hal to pass through the command.
        """
        self.backlight = True
        self.hal_backlight_on()

    def backlight_off(self):
        """Turns the backlight off.

        This isn't really an LCD command, but some modules have backlight
        controls, so this allows the hal to pass through the command.
        """
        self.backlight = False
        self.hal_backlight_off()

    def move_to(self, cursor_x, cursor_y):
        """Moves the cursor position to the indicated position. The cursor
        position is zero based (i.e. cursor_x == 0 indicates first column).
        """
        self.cursor_x = cursor_x
        self.cursor_y = cursor_y
        addr = cursor_x & 0x3f
        if cursor_y & 1:
            addr += 0x40    # Lines 1 & 3 add 0x40
        if cursor_y & 2:
            addr += 0x14    # Lines 2 & 3 add 0x14
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_DDRAM | addr)

    def putchar(self, char):
        """Writes the indicated character to the LCD at the current cursor
        position, and advances the cursor by one position.
        """
        if char != '\n':
            self.hal_write_data(ord(char))
            self.cursor_x += 1
        if self.cursor_x >= self.num_columns or char == '\n':
            self.cursor_x = 0
            self.cursor_y += 1
            if self.cursor_y >= self.num_lines:
                self.cursor_y = 0
            self.move_to(self.cursor_x, self.cursor_y)

    def putstr(self, string):
        """Write the indicated string to the LCD at the current cursor
        position and advances the cursor position appropriately.
        """
        for char in string:
            self.putchar(char)

    def custom_char(self, location, charmap):
        """Write a character to one of the 8 CGRAM locations, available
        as chr(0) through chr(7).
        """
        location &= 0x7
        self.hal_write_command(self.LCD_CGRAM | (location << 3))
        self.hal_sleep_us(40)
        for i in range(8):
            self.hal_write_data(charmap[i])
            self.hal_sleep_us(40)
        self.move_to(self.cursor_x, self.cursor_y)

    def hal_backlight_on(self):
        """Allows the hal layer to turn the backlight on.

        If desired, a derived HAL class will implement this function.
        """
        pass

    def hal_backlight_off(self):
        """Allows the hal layer to turn the backlight off.

        If desired, a derived HAL class will implement this function.
        """
        pass

    def hal_write_command(self, cmd):
        """Write a command to the LCD.

        It is expected that a derived HAL class will implement this
        function.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def hal_write_data(self, data):
        """Write data to the LCD.

        It is expected that a derived HAL class will implement this
        function.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError

    def hal_sleep_us(self, usecs):
        """Sleep for some time (given in microseconds)."""
        time.sleep_us(usecs)


LCD_API.py

# Escribe tu c贸digo aqu铆 :-)
def scale(val, in_min, in_max, out_min, out_max):
    val = clamp(val, in_min, in_max)
    return ((val - in_min) / (in_max - in_min)) * (out_max - out_min) + out_min

def clamp(val, val_min, val_max):
    return max(val_min, min(val, val_max))


math_u.py

from machine import Pin, PWM
import math_u
import time

class servo:
    def __init__(self, pinNum, min_scale, max_scale):
        self.pwm = PWM(Pin(pinNum), freq=50, duty=0)
        self.min_scale = min_scale
        self.max_scale = max_scale

    def set_angle(self, angle):
        newDuty = round(math_u.scale(angle, 0, 180, self.min_scale, self.max_scale))
        self.pwm.duty(newDuty)
        time.sleep(.2)



servo.py

from machine import Pin, time_pulse_us
from utime import sleep_us

__version__ = '0.2.1'
__author__ = 'Roberto S谩nchez'
__license__ = "Apache License 2.0. https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0"

class HCSR04:
    """
    Driver to use the untrasonic sensor HC-SR04.
    The sensor range is between 2cm and 4m.
    The timeouts received listening to echo pin are converted to OSError('Out of range')
    """
    # echo_timeout_us is based in chip range limit (400cm)
    def __init__(self, trigger_pin, echo_pin, echo_timeout_us=500*2*30):
        """
        trigger_pin: Output pin to send pulses
        echo_pin: Readonly pin to measure the distance. The pin should be protected with 1k resistor
        echo_timeout_us: Timeout in microseconds to listen to echo pin. 
        By default is based in sensor limit range (4m)
        """
        self.echo_timeout_us = echo_timeout_us
        # Init trigger pin (out)
        self.trigger = Pin(trigger_pin, mode=Pin.OUT, pull=None)
        self.trigger.value(0)

        # Init echo pin (in)
        self.echo = Pin(echo_pin, mode=Pin.IN, pull=None)

    def _send_pulse_and_wait(self):
        """
        Send the pulse to trigger and listen on echo pin.
        We use the method `machine.time_pulse_us()` to get the microseconds until the echo is received.
        """
        self.trigger.value(0) # Stabilize the sensor
        sleep_us(5)
        self.trigger.value(1)
        # Send a 10us pulse.
        sleep_us(10)
        self.trigger.value(0)
        try:
            pulse_time = time_pulse_us(self.echo, 1, self.echo_timeout_us)
            # time_pulse_us returns -2 if there was timeout waiting for condition; and -1 if there was timeout during the main measurement. It DOES NOT raise an exception
            # ...as of MicroPython 1.17: http://docs.micropython.org/en/v1.17/library/machine.html#machine.time_pulse_us
            if pulse_time < 0:
                MAX_RANGE_IN_CM = const(500) # it's really ~400 but I've read people say they see it working up to ~460
                pulse_time = int(MAX_RANGE_IN_CM * 29.1) # 1cm each 29.1us
            return pulse_time
        except OSError as ex:
            if ex.args[0] == 110: # 110 = ETIMEDOUT
                raise OSError('Out of range')
            raise ex

    def distance_mm(self):
        """
        Get the distance in milimeters without floating point operations.
        """
        pulse_time = self._send_pulse_and_wait()

        # To calculate the distance we get the pulse_time and divide it by 2 
        # (the pulse walk the distance twice) and by 29.1 becasue
        # the sound speed on air (343.2 m/s), that It's equivalent to
        # 0.34320 mm/us that is 1mm each 2.91us
        # pulse_time // 2 // 2.91 -> pulse_time // 5.82 -> pulse_time * 100 // 582 
        mm = pulse_time * 100 // 582
        return mm

    def distance_cm(self):
        """
        Get the distance in centimeters with floating point operations.
        It returns a float
        """
        pulse_time = self._send_pulse_and_wait()

        # To calculate the distance we get the pulse_time and divide it by 2 
        # (the pulse walk the distance twice) and by 29.1 becasue
        # the sound speed on air (343.2 m/s), that It's equivalent to
        # 0.034320 cm/us that is 1cm each 29.1us
        cms = (pulse_time / 2) / 29.1
        return cms