/*
 Name:		EXAM2_WIRING_TEST_STUB.ino
 Created:	11/5/2022 7:46:06 PM
 Author:	nbliz
*/

/*
EECT222 Exam Wiring
David Alan Spoelstra
3AH-Fall 2022-Intro to Microcontrollers
November 5, 2022 at 1:25am

Students-

You may hookup and test the following hardware before the test on Zoom Monday:

Ultrasonic rangefinder
Photoresistor
Two pushbuttons wired to interrupts
IR Receiver and Transmitter
Piezo speaker
LCD display with an I2C backpack.


*/

/* wiring test
connect PB_1 to pin2 INT0
connect PB_2 to pin3 INT1
install LCD I2C library, instantiate lcd object, 
connect LCD  I2C to A4 SDA, A5 SCL, test with HelloWorld  -- tests OK
write a stub to test PB1_ & PB_2 functions by flipping bool flags when pressed (debounce with futureTime delays)  -- tests OK
install NewTone library, instantiinstall LCD I2C librarym, instantiate sonar object,
hook up buzzer to pin ~4 pwm, test with 


*/
//led globals
const byte lcdRows = 2;
const byte lcdColumns = 16;

#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, lcdColumns, lcdRows);  // lcd checks ok

const int DELAY1 = 1000; // msec
const int DELAY2 = 1000; // msec
volatile unsigned long futureTime1 = millis();  // getting current time for 1st ISR call
volatile unsigned long futureTime2 = millis();  // getting current time for 2nd ISR call
volatile bool PB1_Flag = true;
volatile bool PB2_Flag = true;
const byte PB_1 = 2;      // INT0
const byte PB_2 = 3;      // INT1

//piezo tone generator globals
#include <NewTone.h>

// buzzer parameters
const byte BUZZER_PIN = 4;  // note -- install 100 Ohm resistor or it interfers with the interrupts(?)   
const int FREQUENCY = 1000; // one KHz = 1000 cycles per second 
const int DURATION = 1000;  // duraction in msec
const int DELAY_DURATION = 2000;  // duration of delays during while loops

//sonar globals
#include <NewPing.h>
const byte TRIGGER_PIN = 12;
const byte ECHO_PIN = 11;
const byte MAX_DISTANCE = 400;
NewPing sonar(TRIGGER_PIN, ECHO_PIN, MAX_DISTANCE);

const bool IN = false;	// inch flag
const bool CM = !IN;	// cm or anything but IN
bool scaleFlag = IN;	// initialize
const byte DEBOUNCE_TIME = 100;
const byte NUM_READINGS = 8;		// sampling

// IR receiver globals (NOTE - must substitute correct hex codes)
#include <IRremote.hpp>    // VS and Vmicro required this vs IRremote.h to resolve references
const byte IR_RECEIVE_PIN = 13; // Signal Pin of IR receiver, PROFS was 12

// byte colorNumber;
// byte lastcolorNumber;
const bool PRINTFLAG = true;
const bool FORWARD = true;
const bool REVERSE = !FORWARD;
bool POWER_flag = false;
bool firstPowerOn = false;
const byte RED = 0;
const byte DARK = 10;
const byte NUM_COLORS = 10;   // dont count the 11th black color
const bool ON = true;
const bool OFF = !ON;

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(9600);  // for diagnostics

    // set pin modes for PB1 & PB2 and attach ISRs for each
    pinMode(PB_1, INPUT_PULLUP);
    pinMode(PB_2, INPUT_PULLUP);

    // set pin modes for sonar
    pinMode(TRIGGER_PIN, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(ECHO_PIN, INPUT);

    attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PB_1), PB1_Routine, CHANGE);
    attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PB_2), PB2_Routine, CHANGE);

    //lcd.begin();   // remember to UNCOMMENT this unless using Wokwi 
    lcd.init();  // remember to COMMENT this unless using Wokwi 
    lcd.backlight();
    lcd.clear();
    testLCD();    // tests ok as wired
}

void loop() {
    // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
    printPB1_Flag();
    printPB2_Flag();

    // buzzer logic
    buzzersOnorOff();
    long futureTime = millis() + DELAY_DURATION;
    while (millis() < futureTime) {
        // do nothing
    } // duration of delay needs to be long enough to allow buzzer to finish

     // calls for distance
    lcd.clear();
    int distance = getAverageDistance(NUM_READINGS);
    printDistance(distance);
    futureTime = millis() + DELAY_DURATION;
    while (millis() < futureTime) {
        // do nothing
    }
    lcd.clear();


    delay(500);
}
// test stub for lcd
void testLCD() {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Hello World!");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("This is a test");
    delay(2000);
    lcd.clear();
}

// PB1 routine
void PB1_Routine() {
    if (millis() > futureTime1) {				// millis() has correct time when ISR called
        futureTime1 = millis() + DELAY1;	    // if more than Delay1 milliseconds has elapsed, execute this block	
        //NewTone(PIEZO, ONE_KHZ, TWO_SECONDS);
        PB1_Flag = ! PB1_Flag;                  // toggle flag for PB1
    }
}  // tests OK

// PB2 routine
void PB2_Routine() {
    if (millis() > futureTime2) {				// millis() has correct time when ISR called
        futureTime2 = millis() + DELAY2;	    // if more than Delay2 milliseconds has elapsed, execute this block	
        //NewTone(PIEZO, ONE_KHZ, TWO_SECONDS);
        PB2_Flag = ! PB2_Flag;                  // toggle flag for PB2
    }
}  // tests OK
void printPB1_Flag() {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("PB1_Flag =");
    lcd.print(PB1_Flag);
}   // tests OK
void printPB2_Flag() {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.print("PB2_Flag =");
    lcd.print(PB2_Flag);
}   // tests OK

//  routine to buzz the piezo buzzer
void buzzBuzzer(byte buzzerPin, int frequency, int duration) {
    NewTone(buzzerPin, frequency, duration);
}
void buzzersOnorOff() {
    if (PB1_Flag) {
        buzzBuzzer(BUZZER_PIN, FREQUENCY * 2, DURATION / 2);  // just to get a different tone and duration
    }
    long futureTime = millis() + DELAY_DURATION;
    while (millis() < futureTime) {
        // do nothing
    }
    //delay(DURATION);
    if (PB2_Flag) {
        buzzBuzzer(BUZZER_PIN, FREQUENCY, DURATION);
    }
}

// sonar calls

int getAverageDistance(byte numReadings) {
    unsigned long pingTime = sonar.ping_median(numReadings);
    //Serial.println(pingTime);
    return (scaleFlag == IN) ? sonar.convert_in(pingTime) : sonar.convert_cm(pingTime);  // TERNARY USED
}
void printDistance(int distance) {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Distance: ");
    printPaddedNumber(distance);
    lcd.print((scaleFlag == IN) ? " in" : " cm");   // TERNARY USED
}

void printPaddedNumber(int num) {   
    if (num < 100) lcd.print(" ");
    if (num < 10)  lcd.print(" ");
    lcd.print(num);
}