/**
  
   Todo: digital pins 2,3,13 and analog pin A3 can be defined as LED-outs to signal the mode we are in
   Modus 5 is play music according to the buttons
   some variables need to be re-designed as globals etc. and as uint8, for example (the notes...)

*/

// So let's start with the libraries
// For the display:
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
// set up display
// OLED display dimensions
#define OLED_WIDTH 128
#define OLED_HEIGHT 32
// OLED display address (depends on your display)
#define OLED_ADDRESS 0x3C
// OLED display object
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(OLED_WIDTH, OLED_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_ADDRESS);

// MIDI
#include <MIDI.h>
MIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE(); // Create a default MIDI instance

// For the keyboard
// This includes the file pitches.h - it will "translate" Note_** to a frequency.
#include "pitches.h"

//Where does the buzzer connect?
#define SPEAKER_PIN 8

// Where does the rotary encoder connect?
#define ENCODER_CLK A0
#define ENCODER_DT  A1
#define ENCODER_SW  A2

// Constants for the button pins
const uint8_t buttonPins[] = { 12, 11, 10, 9, 7, 6, 5, 4 };
const int buttonTones[] = {
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_F4,
  NOTE_G4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_B4, NOTE_C5
};
const int numTones = sizeof(buttonPins) / sizeof(buttonPins[0]);



//Here all the variables are defined for the loop-stuff:
int lastClk = HIGH;    // used for the rotary encoder
int lastencSW = HIGH;  // rotary button
int zaehler = 0;       //  
String message = " ";  
int modus = 0;         // Modus to start with
String Modusname ;     // welcher Parameter soll mit encoder eingestellt werden?
int rotary = 0;        // encoder -1, 0 +1, up, equal, down
int bpm = 120;         // Beats per miute - Speed also
float period = 500;    // Abstand zwischen Noten - wird  aus bpm erechnet
int index = 1;         // welche Skala soll gespielt werden?
unsigned long startMillis = millis();  //some global variables available anywhere in the program
unsigned long currentMillis;
int basetone = 60;     // MIDI-code for C4
int channel = 1;       // MIDI Kanal   
String midiNote = "";  // 
int midiNummer = 60;
String skalenname = "";
int skala[16]; // = {1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25};
int ion_skala[] = {1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25};
int dor_skala[] = {1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 22, 23, 25};
int phy_skala[] = {1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 23, 25};
int lyd_skala[] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25};
int mix_skala[] = {1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23, 25};
int ael_skala[] = {1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 23, 25};
int lok_skala[] = {1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 21, 23, 25};
int i = 0;
int x = 1;
bool increment = true;
int frequ = 440;
bool playing = false;


// Pins für die LEDs
#define pinSpeed    2
#define pinSkala    3
#define pinGrundton 13
#define pinKanal    A3 
#define pinBeat     13


void setup() {
  delay(500);
  
  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < numTones; i++) {
    pinMode(buttonPins[i], INPUT_PULLUP);
  }
  pinMode(SPEAKER_PIN, OUTPUT);

 // Initialize OLED display
  display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC);
  display.clearDisplay();
  oledOut("Starting up");
  delay(500);

}

/*
void setup() {
  delay(500);
  
  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < numTones; i++) {
    pinMode(buttonPins[i], INPUT_PULLUP);
  }
  pinMode(SPEAKER_PIN, OUTPUT);

 // Initialize OLED display
  display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC);
  display.clearDisplay();
  oledOut("Starting up");
  delay(500);

 // Now MIDI setup
  oledOut("  Setting up MIDI  ");
  // MIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE(); // Create a default MIDI instance
  MIDI.begin(31250);
  MIDI.sendNoteOn(69, 127, 1);
  delay(500);
  MIDI.sendNoteOn(69, 0, 1);
  oledOut("Midi working fine");
  delay(500);

 // Send Testtone A
  // display.clearDisplay();
  tone(SPEAKER_PIN, frequ);
  oledOut("Testton A");
  oledOut2(String(frequ));
  delay(500);
  noTone(SPEAKER_PIN);
}

*****************************/


void loop() {
// ******************************
  // zuerst Auswertung des Encoderschalters
  int newencSW = digitalRead(ENCODER_SW);
  // Abfrage, ob Schalter gedrückt wurde, um jedesmal den Modus 
  // um 1 zu erhöhen, dann zurück auf 0.
  if (newencSW != lastencSW) {   
    zaehler = zaehler +1;
    for (int ch = 0; ch < 16; ch++) MIDI.sendControlChange(ch, 0xff, 0); // Stop MIDIOutput
    noTone(SPEAKER_PIN);                                                 // Stop ToneOutput
    playing = false;                                                     // Nix wird gspüt
    if (zaehler >= 2) {
    // Modus weiterschalten und derweil seriell ausgeben, es beginnt mit 
    modus ++;
    if (modus >= 5) {modus = 0;} 
    // Serial.println("Switch is pressed, Modus ist " + String(modus));
    
    // Zum schluss noch Zähler um eins erhöhen
    zaehler = 0;
    }
    lastencSW = newencSW;
  }
  // dann Auswertung des Drehencoders - ,
  // endet mit rotary als -1, 0 oder +1 unterhalb der Abfrage 
  rotary = 0;  // start mit 0
  int newClk = digitalRead(ENCODER_CLK);
  if (newClk != lastClk) {      // wenn geclickt wurde, dann schauennob + oder -
    lastClk = newClk;
    int dtValue = digitalRead(ENCODER_DT);
    if (newClk == LOW && dtValue == HIGH) {
      rotary ++;
      // Serial.println("Rotated clockwise ⏩ and rotary value is " + String(rotary));          
    }
    if (newClk == LOW && dtValue == LOW) {
      rotary --;
    }
  }

  // Auswertung von Modus, wenn Schalter gedrückt worden ist
  if(modus == 0) {    // Modus 0, also speed
    oledOut("Modus Speed");
    //case 0:
    if (rotary == 1){bpm = bpm +1;}
    if (rotary == -1) {bpm = bpm -1;}
    oledOut2(String(bpm));
    period = 60000/bpm;
    // digitalWrite(pinSpeed, HIGH);
    // digitalWrite(pinSkala, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinGrundton, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinKanal, LOW);

    // Geschwindigkeit
  }
  if(modus == 1) {    // Modus 1, also welche Skala
    //    case 1:
      oledOut("Modus Skala");
    index = index + rotary;
    if (index >= 8){index = 1;}
    if (index <= 0){index = 7;}
    // digitalWrite(pinSpeed, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinSkala, HIGH);
    // digitalWrite(pinGrundton, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinKanal, LOW);
    //Serial.println("Index der Skala = " +String(index));
    //delay(15);
    // Tonart
    // break;
  } 
  if(modus == 2) {    // Modus 2, also welcher Grundton
      oledOut("Modus Grundton");
    basetone = basetone + rotary;
    // digitalWrite(pinSpeed, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinSkala, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinGrundton, HIGH);
    // digitalWrite(pinKanal, LOW);
  }
  if(modus == 3) {    // Modus 3, also welcher Midikanal
      oledOut("Modus Midikanal");
    channel = channel + rotary;
    if (channel >= 17){channel = 1;}
    if (channel <= 0){channel = 16;}
    // digitalWrite(pinSpeed, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinSkala, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinGrundton, LOW);
    // digitalWrite(pinKanal, HIGH);
  }
/******************************/




  // Wenn encoder_sw gedrückt wird und damit modus in Stellung 5 kommt, 
  // dann werden die Tasten abgefragt um Musik zu spielen 
  if (modus == 4){
      oledOut("Modus Keys");
    int pitch = 0;
    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < numTones; i++) {
    if (digitalRead(buttonPins[i]) == LOW) {
      pitch = buttonTones[i];
      if (i == 0){midiNummer = 60;}
      if (i == 1){midiNummer = 62;}
      if (i == 2){midiNummer = 64;}
      if (i == 3){midiNummer = 65;}
      if (i == 4){midiNummer = 67;}
      if (i == 5){midiNummer = 69;}
      if (i == 6){midiNummer = 71;}
      if (i == 7){midiNummer = 72;}    
    }
   }
   if (pitch) {
    if (!playing) {
      tone(SPEAKER_PIN, pitch);
      MIDI.sendNoteOn(midiNummer, 127, channel);
      oledOut(String("Frequency: ") + pitch); 
      playing = true;
      }
    } else {
      if (playing) {
        noTone(SPEAKER_PIN);
        MIDI.sendNoteOn(midiNummer, 0, channel);
        playing = false;
        }
    }
  } else {

  // ***************************************************

// Nun zur Auswahl der Skala:
switch (index) {    // Welche Tonart wird gespielt anhängig v index
  case 1:
    skalenname = "Ionisch (Dur)";
    memcpy(skala, ion_skala, sizeof(ion_skala));
  break; 
  case 2:
    skalenname = "Dorisch";
    memcpy(skala, dor_skala, sizeof(dor_skala));
  break; 
  case 3:
    skalenname = "Phyrgisch";
    memcpy(skala, phy_skala, sizeof(phy_skala));
  break; 
  case 4:
    skalenname = "Lydisch";
    memcpy(skala, lyd_skala, sizeof(lyd_skala));
  break; 
  case 5:
    skalenname = "Mixolydisch";
    memcpy(skala, mix_skala, sizeof(mix_skala));
  break; 
  case 6:
    skalenname = "Aeolisch";
    memcpy(skala, ael_skala, sizeof(ael_skala));
  break; 
  case 7:
    skalenname = "Lokrisch";
    memcpy(skala, lok_skala, sizeof(lok_skala));
  break; 
}





  // Und hier jetzt die Ausgabe - abhängig von den millis...
  currentMillis = millis();  //get the current time
    if (currentMillis - startMillis >= period)  //test whether the period has elapsed
    {
      midiNummer = basetone + skala[i] -1; //-1 + skala[i]; 
      Midinummer_Name();            // Name aus Nummer generieren
      startMillis = currentMillis;  //IMPORTANT to save the start time
      Serial.println("BPM = "+ String(bpm) + ", (Period = " + String(period) + "), Skala = " + skalenname + ", Grundton ist " + String(basetone) + ", Note = " + String(midiNummer) + " , " + midiNote + ", Kanal = "+ String(channel));
      // MIDI.sendNoteOn(60, 127, 1); // Send a MIDI note on message
      // midi.sendNoteOff(60, 0, 1);;
      //Serial.println(", " + midiNote + " " + skalenname);
      oledOut(String(bpm) + " "+ skalenname + " " + String(midiNummer));
      

      // Jetzt zur nächsten Note der Skala schalten
      if (x == 0) {
        // Inkrementieren Sie den Zählerwert
        x++;
      } else if (increment && x < 16) {
        // Inkrementieren Sie den Zählerwert
        x++;
      } else if (!increment && x > 1) {
        // Dekrementieren Sie den Zählerwert
        x--;
      } else {
       // Wechseln Sie die Zählerrichtung
      increment = !increment;
      }
      i = x -1;


    }


      // if (currentMillis - startMillis >= period/100) {
      // digitalWrite(pinBeat, HIGH);
      // digitalWrite(pinBeat, HIGH);
      // digitalWrite(pinBeat, LOW);}
     // else {digitalWrite(pinBeat, HIGH);}
  // ***************************************************/
  }

}

// void output(const char *message) { // besser mit (String message)
void oledOut(String message) {
  //Clear OLED display
  display.clearDisplay();

  // Display current message on OLED
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0, 0);
  display.println(message);
  display.display();
}

void oledOut2(String message) {
  // Clear OLED display
  //display.clearDisplay();

  // Display current message on OLED
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0, 9);
  display.println(message);
  display.display();
}

void Midinummer_Name() {     // Aus der Nummer einen Namen machen.. 
 switch (midiNummer) {
  case 21:
    midiNote = "A0";
	frequ = 27;
	break;
  case 22:
    midiNote = "A#0/Bb0";
	frequ = 29;
    break;
  case 23:
    midiNote = "B0";
	frequ = 31;
    break;
  case 24:
    midiNote = "C1";
	frequ = 33;
    break;
  case 25:
    midiNote = "C#1/Db1";
	frequ = 35;
    break;
  case 26:
    midiNote = "D1";
	frequ = 37;
    break;
  case 27:
    midiNote = "D#1/Eb1";
	frequ = 39;
    break;
  case 28:
    midiNote = "E1";
	frequ = 41;
    break;
  case 29:
    midiNote = "F1";
	frequ = 44;
    break;
  case 30:
    midiNote = "F#1/Gb1";
	frequ = 46;
    break;
  case 31:
    midiNote = "G1";
	frequ = 49;
    break;
  case 32:
    midiNote = "G#1/Ab1";
	frequ = 52;
    break;
  case 33:
    midiNote = "A1";
	frequ = 55;
    break;
  case 34:
    midiNote = "A#1/Bb1";
	frequ = 58;
    break;
  case 35:
    midiNote = "B1";
	frequ = 62;
    break;
  case 36:
    midiNote = "C2";
	frequ = 65;
    break;
  case 37:
    midiNote = "C#2/Db2";
	frequ = 69;
    break;
  case 38:
    midiNote = "D2";
	frequ = 73;
    break;
  case 39:
    midiNote = "D#2/Eb2";
	frequ = 78;
    break;
  case 40:
    midiNote = "E2";
	frequ = 82;
    break;
  case 41:
    midiNote = "F2";
	frequ = 87;
    break;
  case 42:
    midiNote = "F#2/Gb2";
	frequ = 93;
    break;
  case 43:
    midiNote = "G2";
	frequ = 98;
    break;
  case 44:
    midiNote = "G#2/Ab2";
	frequ = 104;
    break;
  case 45:
    midiNote = "A2";
	frequ = 110;
    break;
  case 46:
    midiNote = "A#2/Bb2";
	frequ = 117;
    break;
  case 47:
    midiNote = "B2";
	frequ = 123;
    break;
  case 48:
    midiNote = "C3";
	frequ = 131;
    break;
  case 49:
    midiNote = "C#3/Db3";
	frequ = 139;
    break;
  case 50:
    midiNote = "D3";
	frequ = 147;
    break;
  case 51:
    midiNote = "D#3/Eb3";
	frequ = 156;
    break;
  case 52:
    midiNote = "E3";
	frequ = 165;
    break;
  case 53:
    midiNote = "F3";
	frequ = 175;
    break;
  case 54:
    midiNote = "F#3/Gb3";
	frequ = 185;
    break;
  case 55:
    midiNote = "G3";
	frequ = 196;
    break;
  case 56:
    midiNote = "G#3/Ab3";
	frequ = 208;
    break;
  case 57:
    midiNote = "A3";
	frequ = 220;
    break;
  case 58:
    midiNote = "A#3/Bb3";
	frequ = 233;
    break;
  case 59:
    midiNote = "B3";
	frequ = 247;
    break;
  case 60:
    midiNote = "C4";
	frequ = 262;
    break;
  case 61:
    midiNote = "C#4/Db4";
	frequ = 277;
    break;
  case 62:
    midiNote = "D4";
	frequ = 294;
    break;
  case 63:
    midiNote = "D#4/Eb4";
	frequ = 311;
    break;
  case 64:
    midiNote = "E4";
	frequ = 330;
    break;
  case 65:
    midiNote = "F4";
	frequ = 349;
    break;
  case 66:
    midiNote = "F#4/Gb4";
	frequ = 370;
    break;
  case 67:
    midiNote = "G4";
	frequ = 392;
    break;
  case 68:
    midiNote = "G#4/Ab4";
	frequ = 415;
    break;
  case 69:
    midiNote = "A4";
	frequ = 440;
    break;
  case 70:
    midiNote = "A#4/Bb4";
	frequ = 466;
    break;
  case 71:
    midiNote = "B4";
	frequ = 494;
    break;
  case 72:
    midiNote = "C5";
	frequ = 523;
    break;
  case 73:
    midiNote = "C#5/Db5";
	frequ = 554;
    break;
  case 74:
    midiNote = "D5";
	frequ = 587;
    break;
  case 75:
    midiNote = "D#5/Eb5";
	frequ = 622;
    break;
  case 76:
    midiNote = "E5";
	frequ = 659;
    break;
  case 77:
    midiNote = "F5";
	frequ = 698;
    break;
  case 78:
    midiNote = "F#5/Gb5";
	frequ = 740;
    break;
  case 79:
    midiNote = "G5";
	frequ = 784;
    break;
  case 80:
    midiNote = "G#5/Ab5";
	frequ = 831;
    break;
  case 81:
    midiNote = "A5";
	frequ = 880;
    break;
  case 82:
    midiNote = "A#5/Bb5";
	frequ = 932;
    break;
  case 83:
    midiNote = "B5";
	frequ = 988;
    break;
  case 84:
    midiNote = "C6";
	frequ = 1047;
    break;
  case 85:
    midiNote = "C#6/Db6";
	frequ = 1109;
    break;
  case 86:
    midiNote = "D6";
	frequ = 1175;
    break;
  case 87:
    midiNote = "D#6/Eb6";
	frequ = 1245;
    break;
  case 88:
    midiNote = "E6";
	frequ = 1319;
    break;
  case 89:
    midiNote = "F6";
	frequ = 1397;
    break;
  case 90:
    midiNote = "F#6/Gb6";
	frequ = 1480;
    break;
  case 91:
    midiNote = "G";
	frequ = 1568;
	break;
  case 92:
    midiNote = "G#6/Ab6";
	frequ = 1661;
    break;
  case 93:
    midiNote = "A6";
	frequ = 1760;
    break;
  case 94:
    midiNote = "A#6/Bb6";
	frequ = 1865;
    break;
  case 95:
    midiNote = "B6";
	frequ = 1976;
    break;
  case 96:
    midiNote = "C7";
	frequ = 2093;
    break;
  case 97:
    midiNote = "C#7/Db7";
	frequ = 2217;
    break;
  case 98:
    midiNote = "D7";
	frequ = 2349;
    break;
  case 99:
    midiNote = "D#7/Eb7";
	frequ = 2489;
    break;
  case 100:
    midiNote = "E7";
	frequ = 2637;
    break;
  case 101:
    midiNote = "F7";
	frequ = 2794;
    break;
  case 102:
    midiNote = "F#7/Gb7";
	frequ = 2960;
    break;
  case 103:
    midiNote = "G7";
	frequ = 3136;
    break;
  case 104:
    midiNote = "G#7/Ab7";
	frequ = 3322;
    break;
  case 105:
    midiNote = "A7";
	frequ = 3520;
    break;
  case 106:
    midiNote = "A#7/Bb7";
	frequ = 3729;
    break;
  case 107:
    midiNote = "B7";
	frequ = 3951;
    break;
  case 108:
    midiNote = "C8";
    frequ = 4186;
    break;
  
  
	}
}