unsigned int state[4][4] = {
    {0x19, 0xa0, 0x9a, 0xe9},
    {0x3d, 0xf4, 0xc6, 0xf8},
    {0xe3, 0xe2, 0x8d, 0x48},
    {0xbe, 0x2b, 0x2a, 0x08}
  }; 
  unsigned int shiftrow[4][4];                                                 //inisiasi nilai plaintext (start)

#define Nb 4
#define Nk 4
#define Nr 10

  unsigned int sbox[256] =
{ /*  0    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    a    b    c    d    e    f */
    0x63,0x7c,0x77,0x7b,0xf2,0x6b,0x6f,0xc5,0x30,0x01,0x67,0x2b,0xfe,0xd7,0xab,0x76, /*0*/
    0xca,0x82,0xc9,0x7d,0xfa,0x59,0x47,0xf0,0xad,0xd4,0xa2,0xaf,0x9c,0xa4,0x72,0xc0, /*1*/
    0xb7,0xfd,0x93,0x26,0x36,0x3f,0xf7,0xcc,0x34,0xa5,0xe5,0xf1,0x71,0xd8,0x31,0x15, /*2*/
    0x04,0xc7,0x23,0xc3,0x18,0x96,0x05,0x9a,0x07,0x12,0x80,0xe2,0xeb,0x27,0xb2,0x75, /*3*/
    0x09,0x83,0x2c,0x1a,0x1b,0x6e,0x5a,0xa0,0x52,0x3b,0xd6,0xb3,0x29,0xe3,0x2f,0x84, /*4*/
    0x53,0xd1,0x00,0xed,0x20,0xfc,0xb1,0x5b,0x6a,0xcb,0xbe,0x39,0x4a,0x4c,0x58,0xcf, /*5*/
    0xd0,0xef,0xaa,0xfb,0x43,0x4d,0x33,0x85,0x45,0xf9,0x02,0x7f,0x50,0x3c,0x9f,0xa8, /*6*/
    0x51,0xa3,0x40,0x8f,0x92,0x9d,0x38,0xf5,0xbc,0xb6,0xda,0x21,0x10,0xff,0xf3,0xd2, /*7*/
    0xcd,0x0c,0x13,0xec,0x5f,0x97,0x44,0x17,0xc4,0xa7,0x7e,0x3d,0x64,0x5d,0x19,0x73, /*8*/
    0x60,0x81,0x4f,0xdc,0x22,0x2a,0x90,0x88,0x46,0xee,0xb8,0x14,0xde,0x5e,0x0b,0xdb, /*9*/
    0xe0,0x32,0x3a,0x0a,0x49,0x06,0x24,0x5c,0xc2,0xd3,0xac,0x62,0x91,0x95,0xe4,0x79, /*a*/
    0xe7,0xc8,0x37,0x6d,0x8d,0xd5,0x4e,0xa9,0x6c,0x56,0xf4,0xea,0x65,0x7a,0xae,0x08, /*b*/
    0xba,0x78,0x25,0x2e,0x1c,0xa6,0xb4,0xc6,0xe8,0xdd,0x74,0x1f,0x4b,0xbd,0x8b,0x8a, /*c*/
    0x70,0x3e,0xb5,0x66,0x48,0x03,0xf6,0x0e,0x61,0x35,0x57,0xb9,0x86,0xc1,0x1d,0x9e, /*d*/
    0xe1,0xf8,0x98,0x11,0x69,0xd9,0x8e,0x94,0x9b,0x1e,0x87,0xe9,0xce,0x55,0x28,0xdf, /*e*/
    0x8c,0xa1,0x89,0x0d,0xbf,0xe6,0x42,0x68,0x41,0x99,0x2d,0x0f,0xb0,0x54,0xbb,0x16  /*f*/
}; 
// -----------------------------
unsigned int Rcon[11] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36};

unsigned int getsboxValue(unsigned int num) {
    return sbox[num];
}

void KeyExpansion(unsigned int key[Nk * 4], unsigned int w[Nb * (Nr + 1) * 4]) {
    int i, j;
    unsigned int temp[4], k;
    
    for (i = 0; i < Nk; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            w[i * 4 + j] = key[i * 4 + j];
        }
    }
    
    for (i = Nk; i < Nb * (Nr + 1); i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            temp[j] = w[(i-1) * 4 + j];
        }
        if (i % Nk == 0) {
            // rotasi 4 byte
            unsigned int t = temp[0];
            temp[0] = temp[1];
            temp[1] = temp[2];
            temp[2] = temp[3];
            temp[3] = t;
            
            // Subtitusi dengan sbox
            for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
                temp[j] = getsboxValue(temp[j]);
            }
            
            temp[0] = temp[0] ^ Rcon[i/Nk];
        }
        for (j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            w[i * 4 + j] = w[(i - Nk) * 4 + j] ^ temp[j];
        }
    }
}
                                                 // tabel sbox 

void mixColumns(unsigned int state[4][4]) {                 //Perhitungan
  unsigned int temp[4];
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
      temp[j] = 0;
      for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
        temp[j] ^= GF2(state[j][k], state[k][i]);
      }
    }
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
      state[j][i] = temp[j];
    }
  }
}

unsigned int GF2(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) {   //modulus 2^8
  unsigned int result = 0;

  while (b > 0) {
    if (b & 1) {
      result ^= a;
    }
    a = (a << 1) ^ ((a & 0x80) ? 0x1B : 0x00);
    b >>= 1;
  }
  return result;
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  
  Serial.println("State : ");
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {                    // inisiasi i=0, looping hingga i<4       
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {                  // inisiasi j=0, looping hingga j<4
      Serial.print(state[i][j], HEX);
      Serial.print(" ");
    }
    Serial.println();                             // read Ptx(x,y)
  }

  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("HASIL SUB BYTES : ");
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {                  //ubah nilai i ke sbox j=0, looping hingga i=4       
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {                //ubah nilai i ke sbox j=0, looping hingga i=4
      state[i][j] = sbox[state[i][j]];           //write Ptx(i,j)=sbox_out
      Serial.print(state[i][j], HEX);            //sbox_out
      Serial.print(" ");                         //end (menampilkan hasil subbytes)
    }                                                                                         
    Serial.println();
  }
  // Serial.println();
  // Serial.println("HASIL SHIFTROW");
  //   for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {                  //ubah nilai i ke sbox j=0, looping hingga i=4       
  //     for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {                //ubah nilai i ke sbox j=0, looping hingga i=4
  //       state[i][j] = sbox[state[i][(j+i) % 4]];
  //     Serial.print(state[i][j], HEX); 
  //     Serial.print(" ");
  //  }  
  //  Serial.println();

    Serial.println();
  Serial.println("HASIL SHIFTROW");
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { 
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {                
      shiftrow[i][j] = state[i][(j+i) % 4];           
    }     
    for (int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {                
      state[i][k] = shiftrow[i][k];           
      Serial.print(state[i][k], HEX);            
      Serial.print(" ");                         
    }                                                                                    
    Serial.println();
  }
// //--------------------------
//   Serial.println();
//   Serial.println("Mix Columns Input:");
//   for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
//     for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
//       Serial.print(state[i][j], HEX);
//       Serial.print(" ");
//     }
//     Serial.println("");
//   }

mixColumns(state);                                       
  Serial.println("\nHasil Mix Columns :");
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {                      //define result 
    for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
       if(state[i][j] < 16){
      Serial.print("0");        
    }
      Serial.print(state[i][j], HEX); 
      Serial.print(" ");                           //result
    }
    Serial.println();
  }

// -------------------------------

unsigned int key[Nk * 4] = {0x2b, 0x7e, 0x15, 0x16, 0x28, 0xae, 0xd2, 0xa6, 
                   0xab, 0xf7, 0x15, 0x88, 0x09, 0xcf, 0x4f, 0x3c}; // Isikan kunci
unsigned int w[Nb * (Nr + 1) * 4];
    
KeyExpansion(key, w);
  
    
// Tampilkan Key Schedule
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("Pembangkitan KeyExpansion : ");
    for (int i = 0; i < Nb * (Nr + 1); i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {

            Serial.print(w[i * 4 + j], HEX);
            Serial.print(" ");
            Serial.println("ayok bisa yok: ");
        }
        Serial.println();
    }
}

void loop() {                                   //looping untuk i>3, j>3 atau i<4, j<4

}