.include "avr/io.h"
.def ledPins = R16       ; Register to store LED pin numbers
.def i = R17             ; Loop counter
.def j = R18             ; Loop counter
.def temp = R19          ; Temporary variable
.def input = R20         ; Input string variable
.def randomNumberPtr = R21  ; Pointer to random_numbers array
.def randomNumber = R22     ; Random number variable
.def start_time = R23       ; Start time variable
.def end_time = R24         ; End time variable
.def time1 = R25            ; Time variable for bubble sort
.def time2 = R26            ; Time variable for insertion sort
.def key = R27              ; Key variable for insertion sort

.equ ledPinStart = 2       ; Starting LED pin number
.equ numLEDs = 8           ; Number of LEDs
.equ numRandomNumbers = 50 ; Number of random numbers

.text
.global main

main:
    ; Set the pin modes for the LEDs
    ldi i, ledPinStart           ; Initialize i with the starting LED pin number
    ldi temp, (1 << OUTPUT)     ; Initialize temp with the output mode bitmask
loop_setup:
    st X+, i                    ; Store the current LED pin number in the ledPins array
    cpi i, ledPinStart + numLEDs ; Compare i with the ending LED pin number
    brne loop_setup             ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the ending LED pin number

    ldi temp, (1 << RXEN0)      ; Enable receiver and transmitter in Serial peripheral
    sts UCSR0B, temp
    ldi temp, (1 << UCSZ01) | (1 << UCSZ00) ; Set the data frame size to 8 bits
    sts UCSR0C, temp
    ldi temp, (F_CPU / (16UL * 9600) - 1)   ; Calculate and load the baud rate divisor
    sts UBRR0H, hi8(temp)
    sts UBRR0L, lo8(temp)

    ldi temp, 100        ; Load the delay time
    call delay_ms        ; Call the delay_ms subroutine

    ; Waiting for user input to begin
    ldi input, 0         ; Initialize input string
wait_for_input:
    lds temp, UCSR0A     ; Read the status register of the Serial peripheral
    sbrs temp, RXC0      ; Check if data is available in the receive buffer
    rjmp wait_for_input  ; Continue waiting if data is not available

    lds input, UDR0      ; Read the received character into the input variable

    ; Initialize random seed
    call analog_read     ; Call the analog_read subroutine

    ; Initialize random_numbers array
    ldi i, numRandomNumbers  ; Initialize i with the number of random numbers
    ldi randomNumberPtr, random_numbers ; Initialize randomNumberPtr with the address of random_numbers array

init_random_numbers:
    call random_256     ; Call the random_256 subroutine to generate a random number
    st Z+, randomNumber ; Store the random number in the random_numbers array

    dec i               ; Decrement i
    brne init_random_numbers ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to 0

    ; Print numbers before sorting
    ldi i, 1            ; Initialize i with 1
print_numbers:
    lds temp, randomNumberPtr + i ; Load the current random number into temp
    call print
    ; Print numbers after sorting
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
print_numbers_sorted:
    lds temp, randomNumberPtr + i ; Load the current sorted random number into temp
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numRandomNumbers ; Compare i with the number of random numbers
    brne print_numbers_sorted  ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the number of random numbers

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Get the highest number
    ldi i, numRandomNumbers - 1  ; Initialize i with the index of the highest number
    lds temp, randomNumberPtr + i ; Load the highest number into temp
    mov highest_number, temp  ; Store the highest number in highest_number variable

    ; Display the highest number in binary on LEDs
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
display_highest_number:
    mov temp, highest_number   ; Move the highest number to temp
    andi temp, 1        ; Extract the least significant bit
    mov bit, temp       ; Move the bit value to bit variable
    lds temp, ledPins + i  ; Load the LED pin number into temp
    call digitalWrite_LED ; Call the digitalWrite_LED subroutine

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numLEDs      ; Compare i with the number of LEDs
    brne display_highest_number  ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the number of LEDs

    ldi temp, 300       ; Load the delay time
    call delay_ms       ; Call the delay_ms subroutine

    ; Get the lowest number
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
    lds temp, randomNumberPtr + i ; Load the lowest number into temp
    mov lowest_number, temp ; Store the lowest number in lowest_number variable

    ; Display the lowest number in binary on LEDs
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
display_lowest_number:
    mov temp, lowest_number    ; Move the lowest number to temp
    andi temp, 1        ; Extract the least significant bit
    mov bit, temp       ; Move the bit value to bit variable
    lds temp, ledPins + i  ; Load the LED pin number into temp
    call digitalWrite_LED ; Call the digitalWrite_LED subroutine

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numLEDs      ; Compare i with the number of LEDs
    brne display_lowest_number   ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the number of LEDs

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Calculate the time taken for bubble sort
    sub time1, end_time, start_time

    ldi temp, 0         ; Load the delay time
    call delay_ms       ; Call the delay_ms subroutine

    ; Start timer for insertion sort counting in milliseconds
    start_time = millis()

    ; Insertion sort
    ldi i, 1            ; Initialize i with 1
insertion_sort:
    lds key, randomNumberPtr + i   ; Load the key element into key
    mov j, i            ; Move i to j
    sub j, j, 1         ; Decrement j by 1

insertion_sort
; Insertion sort (continued)
    lsl j               ; Left shift j by 1 to convert it to an index
    add j, j, randomNumberPtr   ; Add j to the address of the random_numbers array
    lds temp, (j)       ; Load the current element in j into temp

    compare:
    cpi j, 0            ; Compare j with 0
    brlo end_compare    ; Exit the loop if j is less than 0

    lds i, (j-1)        ; Load the previous element in j into i
    cpi i, key          ; Compare i with key

    brlo end_compare    ; Exit the loop if i is less than key

    sts j, i            ; Store the previous element in j

    sub j, j, 1         ; Decrement j by 1
    rjmp compare        ; Continue the loop

    end_compare:
    sts (j+1), key      ; Store key in the correct position

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numRandomNumbers     ; Compare i with the number of random numbers
    brne insertion_sort ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the number of random numbers

    ; End timer for insertion sort
    end_time = millis()

    ; Calculate the time taken for insertion sort
    sub time2, end_time, start_time

    ; Print numbers after sorting
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
print_numbers_sorted:
    lds temp, randomNumberPtr + i ; Load the current sorted random number into temp
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numRandomNumbers ; Compare i with the number of random numbers
    brne print_numbers_sorted  ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the number of random numbers

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Print "End of List"
    ldi temp, 'E'       ; Load 'E'
    call print_char     ; Print 'E'
    ldi temp, 'n'       ; Load 'n'
    call print_char     ; Print 'n'
    ldi temp, 'd'       ; Load 'd'
    call print_char     ; Print 'd'
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'f'       ; Load 'f'
    call print_char     ; Print 'f'
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'L'       ; Load 'L'
    call print_char     ; Print 'L'
    ldi temp, 'i'       ; Load 'i'
    call print_char     ; Print 'i'
    ldi temp, 's'       ; Load 's'
    call print_char     ; Print 's'
    ldi temp, 't'       ; Load 't'
    call print_char     ; Print 't'
    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Print highest number
    ldi temp, 'H'       ; Load 'H'
    call print_char     ; Print 'H'
     ldi temp, 'i'       ; Load 'i'
    call print_char     ; Print 'i'
    ldi temp, 'g'       ; Load 'g'
    call print_char     ; Print 'g'
    ldi temp, 'h'       ; Load 'h'
    call print_char     ; Print 'h'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 's'       ; Load 's'
    call print_char     ; Print 's'
    ldi temp, 't'       ; Load 't'
    call print_char     ; Print 't'
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'n'       ; Load 'n'
    call print_char     ; Print 'n'
    ldi temp, 'u'       ; Load 'u'
    call print_char     ; Print 'u'
    ldi temp, 'm'       ; Load 'm'
    call print_char     ; Print 'm'
    ldi temp, 'b'       ; Load 'b'
    call print_char     ; Print 'b'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 'r'       ; Load 'r'
    call print_char     ; Print 'r'
    ldi temp, ':'       ; Load ':' character
    call print_char     ; Print ':' character
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space

    ; Print highest number value
    lds temp, highest_number   ; Load the highest number into temp
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Display highest number in binary on LEDs
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
display_highest_number:
    lds temp, highest_number   ; Load the highest number into temp
    andi temp, 1        ; Extract the least significant bit
    mov bit, temp       ; Move the bit value to bit variable
    lds temp, ledPins + i  ; Load the LED pin number into temp
    call digitalWrite_LED ; Call the digitalWrite_LED subroutine

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numLEDs      ; Compare i with the number of LEDs
    brne display_highest_number  ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the number of LEDs

    ldi temp, 300       ; Load the delay time
    call delay_ms       ; Call the delay_ms subroutine

    ; Print "Lowest number:"
    ldi temp, 'L'       ; Load 'L'
    call print_char     ; Print 'L'
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'w'       ; Load 'w'
    call print_char     ; Print 'w'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 's'       ; Load 's'
    call print_char     ; Print 's'
    lti temp, 't'       ; Load 't'
    call print_char     ; Print 't'
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'n'       ; Load 'n'
    call print_char     ; Print 'n'
    ldi temp, 'u'       ; Load 'u'
    call print_char     ; Print 'u'
    ldi temp, 'm'       ; Load 'm'
    call print_char     ; Print 'm'
    ldi temp, 'b'       ; Load 'b'
    call print_char     ; Print 'b'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 'r'       ; Load 'r'
    call print_char     ; Print 'r'
    lli temp, ':'       ; Load ':' character
    call print_char     ; Print ':' character
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space

    ; Print lowest number value
    lds temp, lowest_number   ; Load the lowest number into temp
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Display lowest number in binary on LEDs
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
display_lowest_number:
    lds temp, lowest_number   ; Load the lowest number into temp
    andi temp, 1        ; Extract the least significant bit
    mov bit, temp       ; Move the bit value to bit variable
    lds temp, ledPins + i  ; Load the LED pin number into temp
    call digitalWrite_LED ; Call the digitalWrite_LED subroutine

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numLEDs      ; Compare i with the number of LEDs
    brne display_lowest_number  ; Continue the loop if i is not equal to the number of LEDs

    ldi temp, 300       ; Load the delay time
    call delay_ms       ; Call the delay_ms subroutine

    ; Print "Bubble Sort Took: "
    ldi temp, 'B'       ; Load 'B'
    call print_char     ; Print 'B'
    ldi temp, 'u'       ; Load 'u'
    call print_char     ; Print 'u'
    ldi temp, 'b'       ; Load 'b'
    call print_char     ; Print 'b'
    ldi temp, 'b'       ; Load 'b'
    call print_char     ; Print 'b'
    ldi temp, 'l'       ; Load 'l'
    call print_char     ; Print 'l'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'S'       ; Load 'S'
    call print_char     ; Print 'S'
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'r'       ; Load 'r'
    call print_char     ; Print 'r'
    ldi temp, 't'       ; Load 't'
    call print_char     ; Print 't'
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'T'       ; Load 'T'
    call print_char     ; Print 'T'
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'k'       ; Load 'k'
    call print_char     ; Print 'k'
    ldi temp, ':'       ; Load ':' character
    call print_char     ; Print ':' character
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space

    ; Print bubble sort time
    lds temp, time1     ; Load the bubble sort time into temp
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'm'       ; Load 'm'
    call print_char     ; Print 'm'
    ldi temp, 'i'       ; Load 'i'
    call print_char     ; Print 'i'
    ldi temp, 'l'       ; Load 'l'
    call print_char     ; Print 'l'
    ldi temp, 'l'       ; Load 'l'
    call print_char     ; Print 'l'
    ldi temp, 'i'       ; Load 'i'
    call print_char     ; Print 'i'
    ldi temp, 's'       ; Load 's'
    call print_char     ; Print 's'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 'c'       ; Load 'c'
    call print_char     ; Print 'c'
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'n'       ; Load 'n'
    call print_char     ; Print 'n'
    ldi temp, 'd'       ; Load 'd'
    call print_char     ; Print 'd'
    ldi temp, 's'       ; Load 's'
    call print_char     ; Print 's'

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Print "Insertion Sort Took: "
    ldi temp, 'I'       ; Load 'I'
    call print_char     ; Print 'I'
    ldi temp, 'n'       ; Load 'n'
    call print_char     ; Print 'n'
    ldi temp, 's'       ; Load 's'
    call print_char     ; Print 's'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 'r'       ; Load 'r'
    call print_char     ; Print 'r'
    ldi temp, 't'       ; Load 't'
    call print_char     ; Print 't'
    ldi temp, 'i'       ; Load 'i'
    call print_char     ; Print 'i'
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'n'       ; Load 'n'
    call print_char     ; Print 'n'
    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ; Print insertion sort time
    lds temp, time2     ; Load the insertion sort time into temp
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space
    ldi temp, 'm'       ; Load 'm'
    call print_char     ; Print 'm'
    ldi temp, 'i'       ; Load 'i'
    call print_char     ; Print 'i'
    ldi temp, 'l'       ; Load 'l'
    call print_char     ; Print 'l'
    ldi temp, 'l'       ; Load 'l'
    call print_char     ; Print 'l'
    ldi temp, 'i'       ; Load 'i'
    call print_char     ; Print 'i'
    ldi temp, 's'       ; Load 's'
    call print_char     ; Print 's'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 'c'       ; Load 'c'
    call print_char     ; Print 'c'
    ldi temp, 'o'       ; Load 'o'
    call print_char     ; Print 'o'
    ldi temp, 'n'       ; Load 'n'
    call print_char     ; Print 'n'

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ; Print "Numbers after sorting:"
    ldi temp, 'N'       ; Load 'N'
    call print_char     ; Print 'N'
    ldi temp, 'u'       ; Load 'u'
    call print_char     ; Print 'u'
    ldi temp, 'm'       ; Load 'm'
    call print_char     ; Print 'm'
    ldi temp, 'b'       ; Load 'b'
    call print_char     ; Print 'b'
    ldi temp, 'e'       ; Load 'e'
    call print_char     ; Print 'e'
    ldi temp, 'r'       ; Load 'r'
    call print_char     ; Print 'r'
    lli temp, 's'       ; Load 's' character
    call print_char     ; Print 's' character
    lli temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space

    ; Print numbers after sorting
    ldi i, 0            ; Initialize i with 0
print_numbers_after_sorting:
    ldi temp, i + 1     ; Load the number of the random number
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    ldi temp, ')'       ; Load ')' character
    call print_char     ; Print ')' character

    ldi temp, ' '       ; Load space character
    call print_char     ; Print space

    lds temp, random_numbers + i   ; Load the random number into temp
    call print_number   ; Call the print_number subroutine

    ldi temp, '\n'      ; Load newline character
    call print_char     ; Print newline character

    ldi temp, 100       ; Load the delay time
    call delay_ms       ; Call the delay_ms subroutine

    inc i               ; Increment i
    cpi i, numNumbers   ; Compare i with the number of random numbers
    brne print_numbers_after_sorting  ; Continue the loop if i is not