/**************************************************************************************************
*
* OLED display simple none blocking menu System - i2c version SSD1306 - 30mar22
*
* This sketch is on Github: https://github.com/alanesq/BasicOLEDMenu
*
**************************************************************************************************
The sketch displays a menu on the oled and when an item is selected it sets a
flag and waits until the event is acted upon. Max menu items on a 128x64 oled
is four.
Notes: text size 1 = 21 x 8 characters on the larger oLED display
text size 2 = 10 x 4
For more oled info see: https://randomnerdtutorials.com/guide-for-oled-display-with-arduino/
See the "menus below here" section for examples of how to use the menus
Note: If you get garbage on the display and the device locking up etc. it may just be a poor connection
to the rotary encoder
**************************************************************************************************/
#include <Arduino.h> // required by platformIO
#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#define SSD1306_NO_SPLASH
const int NUM_ITEMS = 8; // number of items in the list and also the number of screenshots and screenshots with QR codes (other screens)
const int MAX_ITEM_LENGTH = 20; // maximum characters for the item name
#define BUTTON_UP_PIN 8 // pin for UP button
#define BUTTON_DOWN_PIN 9 // pin for DOWN button
#define BUTTON_SELECT_PIN 10 // pin for Select button
#define BUTTON_CANCELPIN 11 // pin for CANCEL button
#define BUTTON_MENU_PIN 12 // pin for MENU button
int button_up_clicked = 0; // only perform action when button is clicked, and wait until another press
int button_down_clicked = 0; // same as above
int button_select_clicked = 0; // same as above
int button_cancel_clicked = 0; // same as above
int button_menu_clicked = 0; // same as above
int reButtonPressed = 0;
int button_updown_value = 0;
int item_selected = 0; // which item in the menu is selected
int item_sel_previous; // previous item - used in the menu screen to draw the item before the selected one
int item_sel_next; // next item - used in the menu screen to draw next item after the selected one
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// S E T T I N G S
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// Arduino Mega
#define OLEDC 0 // oled clock pin (set to 0 for default)
#define OLEDD 0 // oled data pin
#define OLEDE 0 // oled enable pin
// oLED
#define OLED_ADDR 0x3C // OLED i2c address
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128 // OLED display width, in pixels (usually 128)
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64 // OLED display height, in pixels (64 for larger oLEDs)
#define OLED_RESET -1 // Reset pin gpio (or -1 if sharing Arduino reset pin)
// Misc
const int serialDebug = 1;
const int iLED = 2; // onboard indicator led gpio pin
#define BUTTONPRESSEDSTATE 0 // rotary encoder gpio pin logic level when the button is pressed (usually 0)
#define DEBOUNCEDELAY 20 // debounce delay for button inputs
const int menuTimeout = 10; // menu inactivity timeout (seconds)
const bool menuLargeText = 0; // show larger text when possible (if struggling to read the small text)
const int maxmenuItems = 12; // max number of items used in any of the menus (keep as low as possible to save memory)
const int itemTrigger = 1; // rotary encoder - counts per tick (varies between encoders usually 1 or 2)
const int topLine = 18; // y position of lower area of the display (18 with two colour displays)
const byte lineSpace1 = 9; // line spacing for textsize 1 (small text)
const byte lineSpace2 = 17; // line spacing for textsize 2 (large text)
const int displayMaxLines = 5; // max lines that can be displayed in lower section of display in textsize1 (5 on larger oLeds)
const int MaxmenuTitleLength = 10; // max characters per line when using text size 2 (usually 10)
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// forward declarations
void doEncoder();
void menuActions();
void value1();
void menuValues();
void reUpdateButton();
void serviceMenu();
int serviceValue(bool _blocking);
void createList(String _title, int _noOfElements, String *_list);
void displayMessage(String _title, String _message);
void resetMenu();
// menus
// modes that the menu system can be in
enum menuModes {
off, // display is off
menu, // a menu is active
value, // 'enter a value' none blocking is active
message, // displaying a message
blocking // a blocking procedure is in progress (see enter value)
};
menuModes menuMode = off; // default mode at startup is off
struct oledMenus {
// menu
String menuTitle = ""; // the title of active mode
int noOfmenuItems = 0; // number if menu items in the active menu
int selectedMenuItem = 0; // when a menu item is selected it is flagged here until actioned and cleared
int highlightedMenuItem = 0; // which item is curently highlighted in the menu
String menuItems[maxmenuItems+1]; // store for the menu item titles
uint32_t lastMenuActivity = 0; // time the menu last saw any activity (used for timeout)
// 'enter a value'
int mValueEntered = 0; // store for number entered by value entry menu
int mValueLow = 0; // lowest allowed value
int mValueHigh = 0; // highest allowed value
int mValueStep = 0; // step size when encoder is turned
};
oledMenus oledMenu;
// oled SSD1306 display connected to I2C
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// The custom menus go below here
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Start the default menu
void defaultMenu() {
resetMenu(); // clear any previous menu
menuMode = menu; // enable menu mode
oledMenu.noOfmenuItems = 8; // set the number of items in this menu
oledMenu.menuTitle = "demo_menu"; // menus title (used to identify it)
oledMenu.menuItems[1] = "item1"; // set the menu items
oledMenu.menuItems[2] = "item2";
oledMenu.menuItems[3] = "Quick menu";
oledMenu.menuItems[4] = "On or Off";
oledMenu.menuItems[5] = "Enter value";
oledMenu.menuItems[6] = "Enter value-blocking";
oledMenu.menuItems[7] = "Message";
oledMenu.menuItems[8] = "Menus Off";
}
// -----------------------------------------------
// Actions for menu selections are put in here
// note: it would probably be better to put these in their own seperate procedures but I have kept
// them all in this one place to make it easier to follow
void menuActions() {
if (oledMenu.menuTitle == "demo_menu") { // actions when an item is selected in "demo_menu"
// demonstrate quickly create a menu from a list
if (oledMenu.menuTitle == "demo_menu" && oledMenu.selectedMenuItem == 3) {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_menu: create menu from a list");
String tList[]={"main menu", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"};
createList("demo_list", 6, &tList[0]);
}
// demonstrate selecting between 2 options only
if (oledMenu.selectedMenuItem == 4) {
resetMenu();
menuMode = value; oledMenu.menuTitle = "on or off"; oledMenu.mValueLow = 0; oledMenu.mValueHigh = 1; oledMenu.mValueStep = 1; oledMenu.mValueEntered = 0; // set parameters
}
// demonstrate usage of 'enter a value' (none blocking)
if (oledMenu.selectedMenuItem == 5) {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_menu: none blocking enter value");
resetMenu();
value1(); // enter a value
}
// demonstrate usage of 'enter a value' (blocking) which is quick and easy but stops all other tasks until the value is entered
if (oledMenu.selectedMenuItem == 6) {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_menu: blocking enter a value");
// set perameters
resetMenu();
menuMode = value;
oledMenu.menuTitle = "blocking";
oledMenu.mValueLow = 0;
oledMenu.mValueHigh = 50;
oledMenu.mValueStep = 1;
oledMenu.mValueEntered = 5;
int tEntered = serviceValue(1); // request value
Serial.println("The value entered was " + String(tEntered));
defaultMenu();
}
// demonstrate usage of message
if (oledMenu.selectedMenuItem == 7) {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_menu: message");
displayMessage("Message", "Hello\nThis is a demo\nmessage."); // 21 chars per line, "\n" = next line
}
// turn menu/oLED off
else if (oledMenu.selectedMenuItem == 8) {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_menu: menu off");
resetMenu(); // turn menus off
}
oledMenu.selectedMenuItem = 0; // clear menu item selected flag as it has been actioned
}
// actions when an item is selected in the demo_list menu
if (oledMenu.menuTitle == "demo_list") {
// back to main menu
if (oledMenu.selectedMenuItem == 1) {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_list: back to main menu");
defaultMenu();
}
oledMenu.selectedMenuItem = 0; // clear menu item selected flag as it has been actioned
}
} // menuActions
// -----------------------------------------------
// demonstration of how to enter a value
void value1() {
resetMenu(); // clear any previous menu
menuMode = value; // enable value entry
oledMenu.menuTitle = "demo_value"; // title (used to identify which number was entered)
oledMenu.mValueLow = 0; // minimum value allowed
oledMenu.mValueHigh = 100; // maximum value allowed
oledMenu.mValueStep = 1; // step size
oledMenu.mValueEntered = 50; // starting value
}
// actions for value entered put in here
void menuValues() {
// action for "demo_value"
if (oledMenu.menuTitle == "demo_value") {
String tString = String(oledMenu.mValueEntered);
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_value: The value entered was " + tString);
displayMessage("ENTERED", "\nYou entered\nthe value\n " + tString);
// alternatively use 'resetMenu()' here to turn menus off after value entered - or use 'defaultMenu()' to re-start the default menu
}
// action for "on or off"
if (oledMenu.menuTitle == "on or off") {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("demo_menu: on off selection was " + String(oledMenu.mValueEntered));
defaultMenu();
}
}
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// custom menus go above here
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -setup
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// called from main setup
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200); while (!Serial); delay(50); // start serial comms
Serial.println("\n\n\nStarting menu demo\n");
pinMode(iLED, OUTPUT); // onboard indicator led
pinMode(BUTTON_UP_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // up button
pinMode(BUTTON_SELECT_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // select button
pinMode(BUTTON_DOWN_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // down button
// initialise the oled display
// enable pin
if (OLEDE != 0) {
pinMode(OLEDE , OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(OLEDE, HIGH);
}
if (0 == OLEDC) Wire.begin();
//else Wire.begin(OLEDD, OLEDC);
if(!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, OLED_ADDR)) {
if (serialDebug) Serial.println(("\nError initialising the oled display"));
}
Wire.setClock(100000);
// Interrupt for reading the rotary encoder position
defaultMenu(); // start the default menu
// display greeting message - pressing button will start menu
//displayMessage("STARTED", "BasicWebserver\nsketch");
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -loop
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// called from main loop
void loop() {
reUpdateButton(); // update rotary encoder button status (if pressed activate default menu)
menuUpdate(); // update or action the oled menu
// flash onboard led
static uint32_t ledTimer = millis();
if ( (unsigned long)(millis() - ledTimer) > 500 ) {
digitalWrite(iLED, !digitalRead(iLED));
ledTimer = millis();
}
//ボタンを押していない状態→ボタン押下の判定
if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_UP_PIN) == LOW) && (button_up_clicked == 0)) { // up button clicked - jump to previous menu item
Serial.println("Btn Up Click\n");
item_selected = item_selected - 1; // select previous item
button_up_clicked = 1; // set button to clicked to only perform the action once
if (item_selected < 0) { // if first item was selected, jump to last item
item_selected = NUM_ITEMS-1;
}
button_updown_value = -1;
}
else if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_DOWN_PIN) == LOW) && (button_down_clicked == 0)) { // down button clicked - jump to next menu item
Serial.println("Btn Down Click\n");
item_selected = item_selected + 1; // select next item
button_down_clicked = 1; // set button to clicked to only perform the action once
if (item_selected >= NUM_ITEMS) { // last item was selected, jump to first menu item
item_selected = 0;
}
}
else if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_MENU_PIN) == LOW) && (button_menu_clicked == 0))
{
Serial.println("Btn Menu Click\n");
button_menu_clicked = 1;
}
//ボタン押下→離した場合の判定
if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_UP_PIN) == HIGH) && (button_up_clicked == 1)) { // unclick
Serial.println("Btn Up UnClick\n");
button_up_clicked = 0;
button_updown_value = -1;
}
if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_DOWN_PIN) == HIGH) && (button_down_clicked == 1)) { // unclick
Serial.println("Btn Down UnClick\n");
button_down_clicked = 0;
button_updown_value = 1;
}
if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_MENU_PIN) == HIGH) && (button_menu_clicked == 1)) { // unclick
Serial.println("Btn Menu UnClick\n");
button_menu_clicked = 0;
defaultMenu();
}
} // oledLoop
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -button debounce (rotary encoder)
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// update rotary encoder current button status
void reUpdateButton() {
if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_SELECT_PIN) == LOW) && (button_select_clicked == 0))
{
Serial.println("Btn Select Click\n");
button_select_clicked = 1;
}
if ((digitalRead(BUTTON_SELECT_PIN) == HIGH) && (button_select_clicked == 1)) { // unclick
Serial.println("Btn Select UnClick\n");
button_select_clicked = 0;
reButtonPressed = 1;
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -update the active menu
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
void menuUpdate() {
if (menuMode == off) return; // if menu system is turned off do nothing more
// if no recent activity then turn oled off
if ( (unsigned long)(millis() - oledMenu.lastMenuActivity) > (menuTimeout * 1000) ) {
resetMenu();
return;
}
switch (menuMode) {
// if there is an active menu
case menu:
serviceMenu();
menuActions();
break;
// if there is an active none blocking 'enter value'
case value:
serviceValue(0);
if (reButtonPressed == 1) { // if the button has been pressed
menuValues(); // a value has been entered so action it
break;
}
// if a message is being displayed
case message:
if (reButtonPressed == 1)
{ defaultMenu(); // if button has been pressed return to default menu
}
break;
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -service active menu
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
void serviceMenu() {
// rotary encoder
if (button_updown_value == 1) {
oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem++;
button_updown_value = 0;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
}
if (button_updown_value == -1) {
oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem--;
button_updown_value = 0;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
}
if (reButtonPressed == 1) {
oledMenu.selectedMenuItem = oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem; // flag that the item has been selected
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
if (serialDebug) Serial.println("menu '" + oledMenu.menuTitle + "' item '" + oledMenu.menuItems[oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem] + "' selected");
}
const int _centreLine = displayMaxLines / 2 + 1; // mid list point
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
// verify valid highlighted item
if (oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem > oledMenu.noOfmenuItems) oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem = oledMenu.noOfmenuItems;
if (oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem < 1) oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem = 1;
// title
display.setCursor(0, 0);
if (menuLargeText) {
display.setTextSize(2);
display.println(oledMenu.menuItems[oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem].substring(0, MaxmenuTitleLength));
} else {
if (oledMenu.menuTitle.length() > MaxmenuTitleLength) display.setTextSize(1);
else display.setTextSize(2);
display.println(oledMenu.menuTitle);
}
display.drawLine(0, topLine-1, display.width(), topLine-1, WHITE); // draw horizontal line under title
// menu
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setCursor(0, topLine);
for (int i=1; i <= displayMaxLines; i++) {
int item = oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem - _centreLine + i;
if (item == oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem) display.setTextColor(BLACK, WHITE);
else display.setTextColor(WHITE);
if (item > 0 && item <= oledMenu.noOfmenuItems) display.println(oledMenu.menuItems[item]);
else display.println(" ");
}
//// how to display some updating info. on the menu screen
// display.setCursor(80, 25);
// display.println(millis());
display.display();
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -service value entry
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// if _blocking set to 1 then all other tasks are stopped until a value is entered
int serviceValue(bool _blocking) {
const int _valueSpacingX = 30; // spacing for the displayed value y position
const int _valueSpacingY = 5; // spacing for the displayed value y position
if (_blocking) {
menuMode = blocking;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time of last activity (for timeout)
}
uint32_t tTime;
do {
// rotary encoder
if (button_updown_value == 1) {
button_updown_value = 0;
oledMenu.mValueEntered-= oledMenu.mValueStep;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
}
if (button_updown_value == -1) {
button_updown_value = 0;
oledMenu.mValueEntered+= oledMenu.mValueStep;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
}
if (oledMenu.mValueEntered < oledMenu.mValueLow) {
oledMenu.mValueEntered = oledMenu.mValueLow;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
}
if (oledMenu.mValueEntered > oledMenu.mValueHigh) {
oledMenu.mValueEntered = oledMenu.mValueHigh;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
}
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
// title
display.setCursor(0, 0);
if (oledMenu.menuTitle.length() > MaxmenuTitleLength) display.setTextSize(1);
else display.setTextSize(2);
display.println(oledMenu.menuTitle);
display.drawLine(0, topLine-1, display.width(), topLine-1, WHITE); // draw horizontal line under title
// value selected
display.setCursor(_valueSpacingX, topLine + _valueSpacingY);
display.setTextSize(3);
display.println(oledMenu.mValueEntered);
// range
display.setCursor(0, display.height() - lineSpace1 - 1 ); // bottom of display
display.setTextSize(1);
display.println(String(oledMenu.mValueLow) + " to " + String(oledMenu.mValueHigh));
// bar
int Tlinelength = map(oledMenu.mValueEntered, oledMenu.mValueLow, oledMenu.mValueHigh, 0 , display.width());
display.drawLine(0, display.height()-1, Tlinelength, display.height()-1, WHITE);
display.display();
reUpdateButton(); // check status of button
tTime = (unsigned long)(millis() - oledMenu.lastMenuActivity); // time since last activity
} while (_blocking && reButtonPressed == 0 && tTime < (menuTimeout * 1000)); // if in blocking mode repeat until button is pressed or timeout
if (_blocking) menuMode = off;
return oledMenu.mValueEntered; // used when in blocking mode
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -list create
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// create a menu from a list
// e.g. String tList[]={"main menu", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"};
// createList("demo_list", 6, &tList[0]);
void createList(String _title, int _noOfElements, String *_list) {
resetMenu(); // clear any previous menu
menuMode = menu; // enable menu mode
oledMenu.noOfmenuItems = _noOfElements; // set the number of items in this menu
oledMenu.menuTitle = _title; // menus title (used to identify it)
for (int i=1; i <= _noOfElements; i++) {
oledMenu.menuItems[i] = _list[i-1]; // set the menu items
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -message display
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// 21 characters per line, use "\n" for next line
// assistant: < line 1 >< line 2 >< line 3 >< line 4 >
void displayMessage(String _title, String _message) {
resetMenu();
menuMode = message;
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
// title
display.setCursor(0, 0);
if (menuLargeText) {
display.setTextSize(2);
display.println(_title.substring(0, MaxmenuTitleLength));
} else {
if (_title.length() > MaxmenuTitleLength) display.setTextSize(1);
else display.setTextSize(2);
display.println(_title);
}
// message
display.setCursor(0, topLine);
display.setTextSize(1);
display.println(_message);
display.display();
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// -reset menu system
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
void resetMenu() {
// reset all menu variables / flags
menuMode = off;
oledMenu.selectedMenuItem = 0;
button_updown_value = 0;
oledMenu.noOfmenuItems = 0;
oledMenu.menuTitle = "";
oledMenu.highlightedMenuItem = 0;
oledMenu.mValueEntered = 0;
reButtonPressed = 0;
oledMenu.lastMenuActivity = millis(); // log time
// clear oled display
display.clearDisplay();
display.display();
}
// ---------------------------------------------- end ----------------------------------------------