#include #include "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h" TwoWire Wire2(PA10, PA9); // When the display powers up, it is configured as follows: // // 1. Display clear // 2. Function set: // DL = 1; 8-bit interface data // N = 0; 1-line display // F = 0; 5x8 dot character font // 3. Display on/off control: // D = 0; Display off // C = 0; Cursor off // B = 0; Blinking off // 4. Entry mode set: // I/D = 1; Increment by 1 // S = 0; No shift // // Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we // can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the // LiquidCrystal constructor is called). LiquidCrystal_I2C::LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t addr, uint8_t cols, uint8_t rows) { _Addr = addr; _cols = cols; _rows = rows; _backlightval = LCD_NOBACKLIGHT; } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init(){ init_priv(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_priv() { Wire2.begin(); _displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS; begin(_cols, _rows); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines, uint8_t charsize) { if (lines > 1) { _displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE; } _numlines = lines; // for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font if ((charsize != 0) && (lines == 1)) { _displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS; } // SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION! // according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above 2.7V // before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way before 4.5V so we'll wait 50 delayMicroseconds(50000); // Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands expanderWrite(_backlightval); // reset expanderand turn backlight off (Bit 8 =1) delay(100); // put the LCD into 4 bit mode // this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet // figure 24, pg 46 // we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode write4bits(0x30); delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms // second try write4bits(0x30); delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms // third go! write4bits(0x30); delayMicroseconds(150); // finally, set to 4-bit interface write4bits(0x20); // set # lines, font size, etc. command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction); // turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default _displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF; display(); // clear it off clear(); // Initialize to default text direction (for roman languages) _displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT; // set the entry mode command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode); home(); } /********** high level commands, for the user! */ void LiquidCrystal_I2C::clear(){ command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY); // clear display, set cursor position to zero delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time! } // Clear particular segment of a row void LiquidCrystal_I2C::clear(uint8_t rowStart, uint8_t colStart, uint8_t colCnt) { // Maintain input parameters rowStart = constrain(rowStart, 0, _rows - 1); colStart = constrain(colStart, 0, _cols - 1); colCnt = constrain(colCnt, 0, _cols - colStart); // Clear segment setCursor(colStart, rowStart); for (uint8_t i = 0; i < colCnt; i++) write(' '); // Go to segment start setCursor(colStart, rowStart); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::home(){ command(LCD_RETURNHOME); // set cursor position to zero delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time! } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row){ int row_offsets[] = { 0x00, 0x40, 0x14, 0x54 }; if ( row > _numlines ) { row = _numlines-1; // we count rows starting w/0 } command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + row_offsets[row])); } // Turn the display on/off (quickly) void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noDisplay() { _displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON; command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::display() { _displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON; command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol); } // Turns the underline cursor on/off void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noCursor() { _displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON; command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor() { _displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON; command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol); } // Turn on and off the blinking cursor void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBlink() { _displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON; command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink() { _displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON; command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol); } // These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayLeft(void) { command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayRight(void) { command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT); } // This is for text that flows Left to Right void LiquidCrystal_I2C::leftToRight(void) { _displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT; command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode); } // This is for text that flows Right to Left void LiquidCrystal_I2C::rightToLeft(void) { _displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT; command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode); } // This will 'right justify' text from the cursor void LiquidCrystal_I2C::autoscroll(void) { _displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT; command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode); } // This will 'left justify' text from the cursor void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noAutoscroll(void) { _displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT; command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode); } // Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations // with custom characters void LiquidCrystal_I2C::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) { location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7 command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3)); for (int i=0; i<8; i++) { write(charmap[i]); } } // Turn the (optional) backlight off/on void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBacklight(void) { _backlightval=LCD_NOBACKLIGHT; expanderWrite(0); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::backlight(void) { _backlightval=LCD_BACKLIGHT; expanderWrite(0); } /*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */ inline void LiquidCrystal_I2C::command(uint8_t value) { send(value, 0); } inline size_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::write(uint8_t value) { send(value, Rs); return 1; // Number of processed bytes } /************ low level data pushing commands **********/ // write either command or data void LiquidCrystal_I2C::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) { uint8_t highnib = value & 0xF0; uint8_t lownib = value << 4; write4bits((highnib)|mode); write4bits((lownib)|mode); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::write4bits(uint8_t value) { expanderWrite(value); pulseEnable(value); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::expanderWrite(uint8_t _data){ Wire2.beginTransmission(_Addr); Wire2.write((int)(_data) | _backlightval); Wire2.endTransmission(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::pulseEnable(uint8_t _data){ expanderWrite(_data | En); // En high delayMicroseconds(1); // enable pulse must be >450ns expanderWrite(_data & ~En); // En low delayMicroseconds(50); // commands need > 37us to settle } // Create custom characters for horizontal graphs uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::graphHorizontalChars(uint8_t rowPattern) { uint8_t cc[LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS]; for (uint8_t idxCol = 0; idxCol < LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS; idxCol++) { for (uint8_t idxRow = 0; idxRow < LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS; idxRow++) { cc[idxRow] = rowPattern << (LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS - 1 - idxCol); } createChar(idxCol, cc); } return LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS; } // Create custom characters for vertical graphs uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::graphVerticalChars(uint8_t rowPattern) { uint8_t cc[LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS]; for (uint8_t idxChr = 0; idxChr < LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS; idxChr++) { for (uint8_t idxRow = 0; idxRow < LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS; idxRow++) { cc[LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS - idxRow - 1] = idxRow > idxChr ? B00000 : rowPattern; } createChar(idxChr, cc); } return LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS; } // Initializes custom characters for input graph type uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_bargraph(uint8_t graphtype) { // Initialize row state vector for(byte i = 0; i < _rows; i++) { _graphstate[i] = 255; } switch (graphtype) { case LCDI2C_VERTICAL_BAR_GRAPH: graphVerticalChars(B11111); // Initialize column state vector for(byte i = _rows; i < _cols; i++) { _graphstate[i] = 255; } break; case LCDI2C_HORIZONTAL_BAR_GRAPH: graphHorizontalChars(B11111); break; case LCDI2C_HORIZONTAL_LINE_GRAPH: graphHorizontalChars(B00001); break; default: return 1; } _graphtype = graphtype; return 0; } // Display horizontal graph from desired cursor position with input value void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_col_end) { // Maintain input parameters row = constrain(row, 0, _rows - 1); column = constrain(column, 0, _cols - 1); len = constrain(len, 0, _cols - column); pixel_col_end = constrain(pixel_col_end, 0, (len * LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS) - 1); _graphstate[row] = constrain(_graphstate[row], column, column + len - 1); // Display graph switch (_graphtype) { case LCDI2C_HORIZONTAL_BAR_GRAPH: setCursor(column, row); // Display full characters for (uint8_t i = 0; i < pixel_col_end / LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS; i++) { write(LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS - 1); column++; } // Display last character write(pixel_col_end % LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS); // Clear remaining chars in segment for (uint8_t i = column; i < _graphstate[row]; i++) write(' '); // Last drawn column as graph state _graphstate[row] = column; break; case LCDI2C_HORIZONTAL_LINE_GRAPH: // Drawn column as graph state column += pixel_col_end / LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS; // Clear previous drawn character if differs from new one if (_graphstate[row] != column) { setCursor(_graphstate[row], row); write(' '); _graphstate[row] = column; } // Display graph character setCursor(column, row); write(pixel_col_end % LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS); break; default: return; } } // Display horizontal graph from desired cursor position with input value void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint8_t pixel_row_end) { // Maintain input parameters row = constrain(row, 0, _rows - 1); column = constrain(column, 0, _cols - 1); len = constrain(len, 0, row + 1); pixel_row_end = constrain(pixel_row_end, 0, (len * LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS) - 1); _graphstate[column] = constrain(_graphstate[column], row - len + 1, row); // Display graph switch (_graphtype) { case LCDI2C_VERTICAL_BAR_GRAPH: // Display full characters for (uint8_t i = 0; i < pixel_row_end / LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS; i++) { setCursor(column, row--); write(LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS - 1); } // Display the highest character setCursor(column, row); write(pixel_row_end % LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS); // Clear remaining top chars in column for (uint8_t i = _graphstate[column]; i < row; i++) { setCursor(column, i); write(' '); } _graphstate[column] = row; // Last drawn row as its state break; default: return; } } // Overloaded methods void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint16_t percentage) { percentage = (percentage * len * LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS / 100) - 1; draw_horizontal_graph(row, column, len, (uint8_t) percentage); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, float ratio) { ratio = (ratio * len * LCD_CHARACTER_HORIZONTAL_DOTS) - 1; draw_horizontal_graph(row, column, len, (uint8_t) ratio); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, uint16_t percentage) { percentage = (percentage * len * LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS / 100) - 1; draw_vertical_graph(row, column, len, (uint8_t) percentage); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t len, float ratio) { ratio = (ratio * len * LCD_CHARACTER_VERTICAL_DOTS) - 1; draw_vertical_graph(row, column, len, (uint8_t) ratio); } // Alias functions void LiquidCrystal_I2C::on(){ display(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::off(){ noDisplay(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_on(){ cursor(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_off(){ noCursor(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_on(){ blink(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_off(){ noBlink(); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::load_custom_character(uint8_t char_num, uint8_t *rows){ createChar(char_num, rows); } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setBacklight(uint8_t new_val){ if(new_val){ backlight(); // turn backlight on }else{ noBacklight(); // turn backlight off } } void LiquidCrystal_I2C::printstr(const char c[]){ //This function is not identical to the function used for "real" I2C displays //it's here so the user sketch doesn't have to be changed print(c); }