/*Static Variables:
Definition: A static variable retains its value between function calls.
Scope: Its scope is local to the function/block where it is defined, but it remains in existence during the entire runtime of the program.
Usage: Static variables are used when you want a variable to maintain its value even after exiting the scope in which it was created.
Declaration (in C/C++): It's declared by placing the keyword static before the variable's type */

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);  // Initialize serial communication at 9600 bps
}

void loop() {
  incrementCounter();  // Call the function to increment and display the counter
  delay(1000);         // Wait for 1 second before the next loop iteration
}

void incrementCounter() {
  // int counter = 0;  // local Automatic Variable
  static int counter = 0;  // Declare a static variable
  counter++;               // counter= counter + 1;  Increment the counter
  Serial.println(counter); // Print the current value of the counter
}