//ICT CLASS PROGRAM

// Library
#include <WiFi.h> //enables network connection (local and Internet)
#include <FILENAME> //A client library for MQTT messaging
#include <DHT.h> //Arduino library for DHT11, DHT22, etc Temp & Humidity Sensors

// WiFi
// ssid is the name you want to give to the ESP32 access point
// SMA ABBS Surakarta or Wokwi-GUEST
const char* ssid = "SMA ABBS Surakarta";                                       
const char* password = "";  //password variable is the password for the access point

// MQTT Broker
const char* mqtt_server = "broker.emqx.io";
const int mqtt_port = 1883;
const char* mqtt_username = "emqx";
const char* mqtt_password = "public";

// DHT11 Topic
const char* temperatureTopic = "emqx/xii4suhus";
const char* humidityTopic = "emqx/xii4humds";

// LDR & Brightness
const char* ldrTopic = "emqx/xii4ldr";
const char* brightnessTopic = "emqx/xii4cahayas";

// SOIL Moisture
const char* soilTopic = "emqx/xii4tanahs";

// DHT 11 Declaration
#define DHTPIN 15
#define DHTTYPE DHT22
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE); 

// LDR PIN
#define LdrPin 32

// Soil Moisture
#define soilMoisturePin 34 
int soilMoistureValue = 0; //constanta

//variable for storing the pushbutton status
long now = millis();
long lastMeasure = 0;

// WiFi & Client Publish Declaration
WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);

// Topic Calling Function
void callback(char *topic, byte *payload, unsigned int length){
    Serial.print("Message arrived in topic: ");
    Serial.println(topic);
    Serial.print("Message:");
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        Serial.print((char) payload[i]);
    }
    Serial.println();
}

// LDR Function
float calculateBrightness(int ldrRawValue) {
  const float gama = 0.7;
  const float rl10 = 50;
  ldrRawValue = map(ldrRawValue, 4095, 0, 1024, 0); //mengubah nilai pembacaan sensor LDR dari nilai ADC arduino menjadi nilai ADC ESP32
  float voltase = ldrRawValue / 1024.*5;
  float resistansi = 2000 * voltase / (1-voltase/5);
  float kecerahan = pow(rl10*1e3*pow(10,gama)/resistansi,(1/gama));
  return kecerahan;
}


void setup(){
     // Set software serial baud to 115200;
    Serial.begin(9600);
    // Connecting to a WiFi network
    WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
    while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
        //delay(500);
        delay(1000);
        Serial.println("Connecting to WiFi..");
    }
    Serial.println("Connected to the Wi-Fi network");
    
    //Connecting to a mqtt server
    client.setServer(mqtt_server, mqtt_port);
    client.setCallback(callback);

    //Connecting Proccess
    while (!client.connected()) {
        String client_id = "esp32-client-";
        client_id += String(WiFi.macAddress());
        Serial.printf("The client %s connects to the public MQTT broker\n", client_id.c_str());

        //WiFi Condition
        if (client.connect(client_id.c_str(), mqtt_username, mqtt_password)) {
            Serial.println("Public EMQX MQTT broker connected");
        } else {
            Serial.print("failed with state ");
            Serial.print(client.state());
            delay(2000);
        }
    }

    //Starting DHT11 scanning
    dht.begin();
}

void loop() {
  //mengulang pengiriman data sensor 
  client.loop();
  
  //untuk menjalankan waktu internal setiap milli seconds pada ESP32 secara independent..
  //ketika millis di baca maka millis akan terus menghitung waktu walau pun ESP32 nya sedang menjalan kan program yang lain
  now = millis();

  //DHT11 Scanning Process
  if(now - lastMeasure > 2000){
    lastMeasure = now;
    //DHT11 Scanning
    float h = dht.readHumidity();
    float t = dht.readTemperature();
    float hic = dht.computeHeatIndex(t, h, false);

    //LDR Sensor Scanning
    int ldrRawValue = analogRead(LdrPin);
    float brightness = calculateBrightness(ldrRawValue);

    //Soil Moisture
    soilMoistureValue = analogRead(soilMoisturePin);

    //Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again(;
    if(isnan(h) || isnan(t)){
       Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT & LDR sensor!");
       return;
    }

    // Publish DHT11 value and brightness to their respective topics
    client.publish(humidityTopic, String(h).c_str()); //mengonversi string
    client.publish(temperatureTopic, String(t).c_str());

    // Publish LDR value and brightness to their respective topics
    client.publish(ldrTopic, String(ldrRawValue).c_str());
    client.publish(brightnessTopic, String(brightness).c_str());

    // Publish Soil to their respective topics
    client.publish(soilTopic, String(soilMoistureValue).c_str());

  
    // DHT11 Output in Serial Monitor
    Serial.print(F("Humidity: "));
    Serial.print(h);
    Serial.print(F("% Temperature: "));
    Serial.print(t);
    Serial.println(" *C ");

    // LDR Output in Serial Monitor
    Serial.print("LDR Value: ");
    Serial.println(ldrRawValue);
    Serial.print("Brightness: ");
    Serial.print(brightness);
    Serial.println(" lux ");

    // Soil Output
    Serial.print("Soil Moisture: ");
    Serial.print(soilMoistureValue);
    Serial.println(" cm ");
  }
}