// LED connected to digital pin <>
const int LED_PIN = 13; 
const int morse_base_time_delay = 250;  // Time is in ns


// Function to output a dot
void dot() {
  Serial.println("dot");
  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
  // Duration of a dot is 1 time unit
  delay(morse_base_time_delay); 
  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
}

// Function to output a dash
void dash() {
  Serial.println("dash");
  // Duration of a dash is 3 time units
  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
  delay(morse_base_time_delay * 3); 
  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
}

// Function to represent the end of a letter
void endOfLetter() {
  // Time between letters is 3 time units
  delay(morse_base_time_delay * 3); 
  Serial.print("End of letter delay: 3\r\n");
}

void letterDelay() {
  // Time between parts of the same letter
  delay(morse_base_time_delay); 
  Serial.print("Partial letter delay: 1\r\n");
}

void charToMorse(char c) {
  switch (tolower(c)) {
    case 'a': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'b': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    }  break;
    case 'c': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'd': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'e': {
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'f': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'g': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'h': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'i': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'j': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'k': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'l': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'm': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'n': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'o': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'p': { 
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot(); 
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'q': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'r': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 's': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 't': {
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'u': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'v': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'w': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'x': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'y': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case 'z': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '1': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '2': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '3': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '4': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '5': {
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '6': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '7': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '8': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '9': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dot();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case '0': {
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        letterDelay();
        dash();
        endOfLetter();
    } break;
    case ' ': {
        // Space between words, 7 time units
        // Setting to 4 units because each letter automatically appends 3 unit stall
        delay(morse_base_time_delay * 4);
        Serial.print("Word delay: 4\r\n");
    } break;
    default: {
        // For unrecognized characters, do nothing
    } break;
  }
}

void setup() {
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT); // Initialize the digital pin as an output
  Serial.begin(9600); // Set up serial communication at 9600 bps
}

void loop() {
  Serial.println("Please enter something:");
  while (!Serial.available());
  String input = Serial.readStringUntil('\n'); // Read the input string
  Serial.print("user entered: ");
  Serial.print(input);
  Serial.println("");
  // Convert and display each character
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < input.length(); ++i) {
    charToMorse(input[i]);
  }
}