int sensorPin= A0;//This line defines the analog pin A0 as the input pin for the sensor.
int sensorLength= 50;//This variable represents the length of the sensor.
int totalResistance= 5000;//This variable represents the total resistance of the sensor.
void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600);//This is the setup function in Arduino it initializes the serial communication at a baud rate of 9600 bits per second.
}

void loop()
{
 int sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);//Reads the analog input from the sensor pin (A0) and stores the value in sensorValue.
 float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);//Converts the sensor value to voltage. The Arduino analog inputs range from 0 to 1023, which corresponds to 0 to 5 volts.
 float resistance = (voltage * totalResistance)/ (5.0 - voltage);//Calculates the resistance of the sensor using the voltage divider formula.
 float distance = (sensorLength * resistance)/ totalResistance;// Calculates the distance based on the resistance and the sensor length.

  Serial.print("Resistance:");//Prints the text "Resistance:".
  Serial.print(resistance);// Prints the calculated resistance value.
  Serial.print("ohms\t");//Prints the unit "ohms" followed by a tab character.
  Serial.print("Distance:");// Prints the text "Distance:".
  Serial.print(distance);//Prints the calculated distance value
  Serial.print("mm");//Prints the unit "mm"
  
  delay(1000);//Pauses the program for 1000 milliseconds (1 second) before repeating the loop. 
}