//suryaa.h volatile static long number=0,count=0; char seven_seg_val[10] = {0x3f, 0x06, 0x5b, 0x4f, 0x66, 0x6d, 0x7d, 0x07, 0x7f, 0x6f}; //seven-seg-value without decimal points. char seven_seg_dec[10] = {0xbf, 0x86, 0xdb, 0xcf, 0xe6, 0xed, 0xfd, 0x87, 0xff, 0xef}; //seven-seg-value with decimal points. char seven_seg_alpht[26] = {0x77, 0x7c, 0x39, 0xde, 0x79, 0x71, 0x6f, 0x76, 0x49, 0x1e, 0x70, 0x76, 0x4f, 0x37, 0x3f, 0x73, 0x67, 0x77, 0x6d, 0x78, 0x3e, 0x62, 0x78, 0x76, 0x6e, 0x5b}; //seven-se-alphabet void dirf(char);//common void outf(char);//common char input_f(void);//common void dirk(char);//common void outk(char);//common char input_k(void);//common void display_0000_to_9999_without_decimal(void);//level3 ; void timer0_delay_2ms_polling(void);//timer polling method withoput isr."8 bit timer" void timer2_delay_half_sec_polling(void);//timer delaay interupt.8 bit timer; void timer1_delay_1sec_interrupt(void);//timer delay with isr method."16 bit timer" void display_any_number_in_respective_digits(long int);//level3; void dirf(char x) { volatile char*y; y = 0x30; *y = x; } void outf(char x) { volatile char*y; y = 0x31; *y = x; } char input_f(void) { volatile char*y; y = 0x2F; return *y; } void dirk(char x) { volatile char*y; y = 0x107; *y = x; } void outk(char x) { volatile char*y; y = 0x108; *y = x; } char input_k(void) { volatile char*y; y = 0x106; return *y; } void display_0000_to_9999_without_decimal(void) { volatile short ones = 0, tens = 0, hundred = 0, thousand = 0; while (1) { ones = number % 10; tens = (number / 10) % 10; hundred = (number / 100) % 10; thousand = (number / 1000) % 10; //Serial.print("the ones value is:"); //Serial.println(ones); // Serial.print("the tens value is:"); // Serial.println(tens); //Serial.print("the hundred value is:"); //Serial.println(hundred); //Serial.print("thousand value is:"); //Serial.print(thousand); //Serial.println(); //Serial.println(); //Serial.println(); outk(0x0E);//for first seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[ones]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); outf(0x00);//turn off the display outk(0x0D);//for second seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[tens]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); outf(0x00);//turn of the display outk(0x0B);//for third seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[hundred]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); outf(0x00);//turn of the display outk(0x07);//for secnd seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[thousand]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); outf(0x00);//turn off the display; } } void timer0_delay_2ms_polling(void) { volatile char*tccr0a, *tccr0b, *tcnt0, *ocr0a, *timsk0, *tifr0; tccr0a = (volatile char*)0x44; //address of the tccr register timer 0; tccr0b = (volatile char*)0x45; //address of the timer comtrol register timer 0; tcnt0 = (volatile char*)0x46; //address of the timer 0 count register; ocr0a = (volatile char*)0x47; //address of the output compare register timer 0; tifr0 = (volatile char*)0x35; //address of the flag register. timsk0 = (volatile char*)0x6E; //setting the mask register if output compare match *tcnt0 = 0x00; //initialize the timer0 count value to zero; *tccr0a = 0x02; //initialize the timer 0 in the ctc mode; *tccr0b = 0x05; //initialize presacalar to 1024; *ocr0a = 30; //by giving value "30" we get 2ms delay approx //*timsk0=0x02;//enabling the ocroa interupt mask register. while (1) { if (*tifr0 & (1 << 1)) { // Check the timer compare match flag bit *tifr0 = (1 << 1); // Clear the flag bit *tcnt0 = 0x00; // Reset timer *tccr0b = 0x00; // Stop the timer // Serial.println("timer stopped"); break; } } //Serial.println("successfully delayed 2 ms"); } void timer1_delay_1sec_interrupt(void) { volatile char*tccr1a, *tccr1b, *tcnt1, *ocr1ah, *ocr1al, *timsk1, *tifr1, *tcnt1h, *tcnt1l; tccr1a = (volatile char*)0x80; //address of the tccr register timer 1; tccr1b = (volatile char*)0x81; //address of the timer comtrol register timer 1; tcnt1h = (volatile char*)0x85; //address of the timer 1 upper register; tcnt1l = (volatile char*)0x84; //address of the timer 1 lower register; ocr1ah = (volatile char*)0x89; //address of the output compare register timer 1; ocr1al = (volatile char*)0x88; //address of the output compare register timer 1; tifr1 = (volatile char*)0x36; //address of the flag register. timsk1 = (volatile char*)0x6F; //setting the mask register if output compare match *tcnt1h = 0x00; //initialize the timer0 count value to zero; *tcnt1l = 0x00; //initialize the timer0 count value to zero; *tccr1a = 0x00; *tccr1b = 0x0D; //initialize presacalar to 1024,set timer in ctc mode; *ocr1ah = 0x3D; *ocr1al = 0x18; //load ocr1a and h the value 15624 for 1 second delay *timsk1 = 0x02; //enabling the ocroa interupt mask register. } ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) { //cli(); volatile char*tccr1b, *tifr1, *tcnt1h, *tcnt1l; tifr1 = (volatile char*)0x36; //address of the flag register. tcnt1h = (volatile char*)0x85; //address of the timer 1 upper register; tcnt1l = (volatile char*)0x84; //address of the timer 1 lower register; tccr1b = (volatile char*)0x81; //address of the timer comtrol register timer 1; // Serial.println(num); number++; if (number > 9999) { number = 0; *tccr1b = 0x00; // Stop the timer *tifr1 = (1 << 1); // Clear the flag bit } else { *tifr1 = (1 << 1); // Clear the flag bit } } void display_any_number_in_respective_digits(long int num) { volatile long i; volatile short ones = 0, tens = 0, hundred = 0, thousand = 0; while (1) { ones = num % 10; tens = (num / 10) % 10; hundred = (num / 100) % 10; thousand = (num / 1000) % 10; outk(0x0E);//for first seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[(char)ones]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); // for(i=0;i<100000;i++); outf(0x00);//off the sven segment digit. if(tens<=5) { outk(0x0D);//for second seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[(char)tens]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); //for(i=0;i<100000;i++); outf(0x00);//off the seven segment digit } else { outf(0x00); } outk(0x0B);//for third seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[(char)hundred]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); //for(i=0;i<100000;i++); outf(0x00);//off the sven segment digit if(i<=5) { outk(0x07);//for secnd seven_seg outf(seven_seg_val[(char)thousand]); timer0_delay_2ms_polling(); //for(i=0;i<100000;i++); outf(0x00);//off the sven segment digit; } else { outf(0x00); } } } //since its a 8 bit timer i am giving multiple overflows to reach the desired delay /*void timer2_delay_half_sec_polling(void) { volatile char*tccr2a, *tccr2b, *tcnt2, *ocr2a, *timsk2, *tifr2; tccr2a = (volatile char*)0xB0; //address of the tccr register timer 2; tccr2b = (volatile char*)0xB1; //address of the timer comtrol register timer 2; tcnt2 = (volatile char*)0xB2; //address of the timer 0 count register; // ocr2a = (volatile char*)0x47; //address of the output compare register timer 2; tifr2 = (volatile char*)0x37; //address of the flag register. timsk2 = (volatile char*)0x70; //setting the mask register if output compare match; *tcnt2 = 0x00; //initialize the timer2 count value to zero; *tccr2a = 0x00; //initialize the timer 2 in the normal mode; *tccr2b = 0x07; //initialize presacalar to 1024; // *ocr2a = 30; //by giving value "30" we get 2ms delay approx; *timsk2=0x01;// setting the timer over flow flag register; } ISR(TIMER2_OVF_vect) { volatile char*tifr2; tifr2=(volatile char*)0x37; count++; if (count >= 31) // Adjust to 30 or 31 based on accuracy { count = 0; // 0.5s delay reached. . } }*/