#include <Arduino.h>
#include <DHT.h>
#include "HX711.h"
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <RTClib.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include "PubSubClient.h"

// Function prototypes (declarations before main code)
void displayInfo();
void displayData();
void displayDateTime();
String formatTime(int value, bool leadingZero);
void simulateSunlight();
bool needsWatering(float moisture);
void wifiConnect();
void callback(char* topic, byte* message, unsigned int length);
void publishToMQTT(const char* topic, const char* payload);
void mqttReconnect();
String generateClientID();
void checkWaterLevel();

// Wi-Fi credentials
#define WIFI_SSID "Wokwi-GUEST"
#define WIFI_PASS ""

// MQTT server details
#define MQTT_SERVER "broker.hivemq.com"
#define MQTT_PORT 8883
// #define MQTT_USERNAME "[email protected]"
// #define MQTT_PASSWORD "x6~(K{4U.#;GuI,"
String clientID = generateClientID();

// Topic definitions
#define TEMP_TOPIC "garden/temperature"
#define H_TOPIC "garden/humidity"
#define SM_TOPIC "garden/soil_moisture"

DHT dht(13, DHT22);
HX711 scale;
RTC_DS1307 rtc;
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 20, 4);
WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);

// Pin definitions for RGB LED
#define RGB_LED_PIN_R 9 // RGB LED Red Pin
#define RGB_LED_PIN_G 7 // RGB LED Green Pin
#define RGB_LED_PIN_B 2 // RGB LED Blue Pin

// Function to setup the Program and run for one time
void setup() {
  Serial1.begin(115200);
  Wire.begin();
  rtc.begin();
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  dht.begin();
  scale.begin(11, 12);
  wifiConnect();
  client.setServer(MQTT_SERVER, MQTT_PORT);
  client.setCallback(callback);
  displayInfo();
  Serial1.println("Program Starts");
  Serial1.println("Generated Client ID: " + clientID);
}

// Function to loop some functions continously
void loop() {
  // Display Current Time & Date
  displayDateTime();
  displayData();
  // simulateSunlight(); // Call simulateSunlight function in the loop
  client.loop();

  delay(650);
}

// Function to display the Program Info 
void displayInfo() {
  // Display Program Info
  lcd.setCursor(4, 0);
  lcd.print("Terra-Firma");
  lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
  lcd.print("Home Garden");
  lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
  lcd.print("Developed By");
  lcd.setCursor(2, 3);
  lcd.print("Tawfeeq Zaghlool");
  delay(2000);
  lcd.clear();
}

// Function to display the Data from the sensors
void displayData() {
  // Read temperature and humidity
  float temperature = dht.readTemperature();
  float humidity = dht.readHumidity();

  // Read soil moisture
  float soilMoisture = scale.get_units();

  // Second row: Humidity & Temp
  lcd.setCursor(2, 1);
  lcd.print("H:");
  lcd.print(humidity);
  lcd.print("% T:");
  lcd.print(temperature);
  lcd.print("C");

  // Third row: Soil Moisture (shortened to "Soil M")
  lcd.setCursor(3, 2);
  lcd.print("Soil M:");
  lcd.print(soilMoisture);

  // Fourth row: Watering Status (using icon)
  lcd.setCursor(3, 3);
  if (needsWatering(soilMoisture)) {
    lcd.print("Need Water (u_u)"); // Exclamation mark for watering needed
  } else {
    lcd.print("Good Water (^-^)"); // Smiley face for moist soil
  }

  // Convert temperature, humidity, and soil moisture to strings
  String tempStr = String(temperature);
  String humStr = String(humidity);
  String soilMoistureStr = String(soilMoisture);

  // Publish temperature to MQTT
  publishToMQTT(TEMP_TOPIC, tempStr.c_str());

  // Publish humidity to MQTT
  publishToMQTT(H_TOPIC, humStr.c_str());

  // Publish soil moisture to MQTT
  publishToMQTT(SM_TOPIC, soilMoistureStr.c_str());
}

void displayDateTime() {
  // Get current time
  DateTime now = rtc.now();

  // Display Current Time
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print(formatTime(now.hour(), false)); // Display in 12-hour format with AM/PM
  lcd.print(':');
  lcd.print(formatTime(now.minute(), DEC));   // Use formatTime for minutes with leading zero
  lcd.print(':');
  lcd.print(formatTime(now.second(), DEC));  // Use formatTime for seconds with leading zero
  
  // Display Current Date
  lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
  lcd.print(now.day(), DEC);
  lcd.print('/');
  lcd.print(now.month(), DEC);
  lcd.print('/');
  lcd.print(now.year(), DEC);
}

String formatTime(int value, bool leadingZero) {
  String formatted = String(value, DEC);  // Convert value to string
  if (leadingZero && value < 10) {
    formatted = "0" + formatted;  // Add leading zero if needed
  }
  return formatted;
}

void simulateSunlight() {
  pinMode(RGB_LED_PIN_R, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RGB_LED_PIN_G, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RGB_LED_PIN_B, OUTPUT);
  DateTime now = rtc.now();
  int hour = now.hour();
  
  if (hour >= 6 && hour < 18) {
    analogWrite(RGB_LED_PIN_R, 255);
    analogWrite(RGB_LED_PIN_G, 255);
    analogWrite(RGB_LED_PIN_B, 255);
  } else {
    analogWrite(RGB_LED_PIN_R, 0);
    analogWrite(RGB_LED_PIN_G, 0);
    analogWrite(RGB_LED_PIN_B, 0);
  }
}

bool needsWatering(float moisture) {
  return moisture < 200; // Example threshold, adjust as needed
}

void wifiConnect() {
  delay(10);
  // We start by connecting to a WiFi network
  Serial1.println();
  Serial1.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial1.println(WIFI_SSID);

  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA); 
  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS); 

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial1.print(".");
  }

  randomSeed(micros());

  Serial1.println("");
  Serial1.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial1.println("IP address: ");
  Serial1.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void callback(char* topic, byte* message, unsigned int length) {
  Serial1.print("Message arrived on topic: ");
  Serial1.print(topic);
  Serial1.print(". Message: ");
  String stMessage;
  
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    Serial1.print((char)message[i]);
    stMessage += (char)message[i];
  }
  Serial1.println();
}

void publishToMQTT(const char* topic, const char* payload) {
  if (!client.connected()) {
    mqttReconnect();
  }
  if (client.publish(topic, payload)) {
    Serial1.println("Published to MQTT");
  } else {
    Serial1.println("Failed to publish to MQTT");
  }
}

void mqttReconnect() {
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial1.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    Serial1.print("MQTT Client State: ");
    Serial1.println(client.state());
    if (client.connect(clientID.c_str())) {
      Serial1.println("MQTT connected");
      client.subscribe(TEMP_TOPIC);
      client.subscribe(H_TOPIC); // Subscribe to servo topic
      client.subscribe(SM_TOPIC); // Subscribe to neopixel topic
      Serial1.println("Topic Subscribed");
    }
    else {
      Serial1.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial1.print(client.state());
      Serial1.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      delay(5000);  // wait 5sec and retry
    }
  }
}
String generateClientID() {
  String id = "";
  char c;
  for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
    c = (char)random(0, 127);  // Generate a random character
    id += c;
  }
  return "Wokwi_" + id;  // Prepend a prefix for easier identification
}