#include <Wire.h>                 // Include Wire library for I2C communication
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>    // Include LCD library
#include <DS1307RTC.h>               // Include DS3231 RTC library

// Define pins for components
#define RELAY_PIN     2         // Digital pin connected to relay module
#define BUZZER_PIN    3         // Digital pin connected to buzzer
#define DHT_PIN       4         // Digital pin connected to DHT temperature/humidity sensor
#define LCD_COLS      16        // Number of columns on the LCD display
#define LCD_ROWS      2         // Number of rows on the LCD display

// Initialize objects for components
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, LCD_COLS, LCD_ROWS);  // Address may vary, 0x27 is common for I2C LCD
DS1307RTC rtc;

void setup() {
  // Initialize Serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);
  
  // Initialize LCD display
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Soil Moisture:");
  
  // Initialize RTC module
  rtc.begin();
  
  // Set up pin modes
  pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // Read soil moisture value
  int soilMoisture = analogRead(A0);  // Assuming soil moisture sensor is connected to A0
  
  // Display soil moisture on LCD
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Moisture: ");
  lcd.print(soilMoisture);
  
  // Get current date/time from RTC
  DateTime now = rtc.now();
  
  // Display date/time on LCD
  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print("Time: ");
  printDateTime(now);
  
  // Check soil moisture level
  if (soilMoisture < 500) {
    // Soil moisture is low, activate relay to water plants
    digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH);
    
    // Sound buzzer
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);
    delay(1000);
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
  } else {
    // Soil moisture is sufficient, deactivate relay
    digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);
  }
  
  delay(1000);  // Delay between readings
}

void printDateTime(DateTime dt) {
  // Print date in YYYY/MM/DD format
  lcd.print(dt.year(), DEC);
  lcd.print('/');
  lcd.print(dt.month(), DEC);
  lcd.print('/');
  lcd.print(dt.day(), DEC);
  
  // Print time in HH:MM:SS format
  lcd.print(' ');
  lcd.print(dt.hour(), DEC);
  lcd.print(':');
  lcd.print(dt.minute(), DEC);
  lcd.print(':');
  lcd.print(dt.second(), DEC);
}