#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPL6HfTWDzlJ"
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_NAME "weather monitoring system iot mark 2"
#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "snXL5qfZhW5E3P-1XXCsnLYYxEKEbvQ_"
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial

#include <Wire.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <DHT.h>

// Define pins for sensors
#define LDR_PIN 5
#define DHTPIN 15
#define RAINPIN 34

// Initialize the LCD display
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);

// Initialize the DHT22 sensor
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHT22);

BlynkTimer timer;

char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN;
char ssid[] = "Wokwi-GUEST";
char pass[] = "";

// Constants for the light sensor calculation
const float GAMMA = 0.7;
const float RL10 = 50.0;

void setup() {
  // Debug console
  Serial.begin(115200);

  // Initialize DHT sensor
  dht.begin();

  // Initialize LCD
  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();

  // Set pin modes
  pinMode(LDR_PIN, INPUT);
  pinMode(RAINPIN, INPUT);
  pinMode(DHTPIN, INPUT);

  // Configure analog read resolution
  analogReadResolution(12);

  // Display startup message on LCD
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Weather Monitor");
  lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
  lcd.print("System");
  delay(4000);
  lcd.clear();

  // Connect to WiFi
  connectToWiFi();

  // Initialize Blynk
  Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);

  // Set up Blynk timer to send sensor data
  timer.setInterval(1000L, sendSensorData);

  // Initial sensor readings display
  updateDisplay();
}

void connectToWiFi() {
  WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
  Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi...");
  while (WiFi.status()!= WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(1000);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println(" Connected to WiFi!");
}

void updateDisplay() {
  displayTemperature();
  delay(2000);
  displayHumidity();
  delay(2000);
  displayRain();
  delay(2000);
  displayLight();
  delay(2000);
}

void displayTemperature() {
  float t = dht.readTemperature();

  if (isnan(t)) {
    Serial.println("Failed to read temperature from DHT sensor!");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Temp: Error");
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.print(t);
  Serial.println(" °C");

  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Temperature:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(t);
  lcd.print(" C");
}

void displayHumidity() {
  float h = dht.readHumidity();

  if (isnan(h)) {
    Serial.println("Failed to read humidity from DHT sensor!");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.print("Humidity: Error");
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Humidity: ");
  Serial.print(h);
  Serial.println(" %");

  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Humidity:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(h);
  lcd.print(" %");
}

void displayRain() {
  int Rvalue = analogRead(RAINPIN);
  Rvalue = map(Rvalue, 0, 4095, 0, 100);
  Rvalue = (Rvalue * -1) + 100;

  Serial.print("Rain: ");
  Serial.print(Rvalue);
  Serial.println(" %");

  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Rain Level:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(Rvalue);
  lcd.print(" %");

  delay(2000);  // Delay to allow reading

  // Rain conditions and messages
  lcd.clear();
  if (Rvalue <= 16) {
    lcd.print("Dry Weather");
    Serial.println("Dry Weather");
  } else if (Rvalue <= 32) {
    lcd.print("Dew or Heavy Mist");
    Serial.println("Dew or Heavy Mist");
  } else if (Rvalue <= 51) {
    lcd.print("Light Rain");
    Serial.println("Light Rain");
  } else if (Rvalue <= 70) {
    lcd.print("Moderate Rain");
    Serial.println("Moderate Rain");
  } else if (Rvalue <= 85) {
    lcd.print("Heavy Rain");
    Serial.println("Heavy Rain");
  } else {
    lcd.print("Very Heavy Rain");
    Serial.println("Very Heavy Rain");
  }
}

void displayLight() {
  int analogValue = analogRead(LDR_PIN);
  Serial.print("Raw analog value: ");
  Serial.println(analogValue);

  float voltage = analogValue / 1024.0 * 5; // Assuming 3.3V reference
  Serial.print("Voltage: ");
  Serial.println(voltage);

  float resistance = voltage / (1 - voltage / 5);
  Serial.print("Resistance: ");
  Serial.println(resistance);

  float lux = pow(RL10 * 1000 * pow(10.0, GAMMA) / resistance, (1 / GAMMA));
  Serial.print("Lux: ");
  Serial.println(lux);

  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Light Intensity:");

  delay(2000);  // Delay to allow reading

  // Light intensity conditions and messages
  lcd.clear();
  if (lux <= 100) {
    lcd.print("It's Dark");
    Serial.println("It's Dark");
  } else if (lux <= 300) {
    lcd.print("Comfortable Light");
    Serial.println("Comfortable Light");
  } else if (lux <= 600) {
    lcd.print("Noon Brightness");
    Serial.println("Noon Brightness");
  } else if (lux <= 900) {
    lcd.print("A Bit Too Bright");
    Serial.println("A Bit Too Bright");
  } else if (lux <= 1500) {
    lcd.print("Way Too Bright");
    Serial.println("Way Too Bright");
  } else {
    lcd.print("My Eyes Are Burning");
    Serial.println("My Eyes Are Burning");
  }
}

void loop() {
  // Continuously update each sensor reading in sequence
  updateDisplay();
  Blynk.run();
  timer.run();
}

// Send sensor data to Blynk app
void sendSensorData() {
  float t = dht.readTemperature();
  float h = dht.readHumidity();
  int Rvalue = analogRead(RAINPIN);
  int Lvalue = analogRead(LDR_PIN);

  // Send temperature and humidity to Blynk
  if (!isnan(t)) Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, t);
  if (!isnan(h)) Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, h);

  // Convert and send rain data
  Rvalue = map(Rvalue, 0, 4095, 0, 100);
  Rvalue = (Rvalue * -1) + 100;
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, Rvalue);

  // Convert the light sensor analog value to lux
  float voltage = Lvalue / 1024.0 * 5; // Assuming 3.3V reference
  float resistance = voltage / (1 - voltage / 5);
  float lux = pow(RL10 * 1000 * pow(10.0, GAMMA) / resistance, (1 / GAMMA));
  
  // Send light intensity (in lux) to Blynk
  Blynk.virtualWrite(V4, lux);

  // Debug output to Serial for troubleshooting
  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.print(t);
  Serial.println(" °C");

  Serial.print("Humidity: ");
  Serial.print(h);
  Serial.println(" %");

  Serial.print("Rain Level: ");
  Serial.print(Rvalue);
  Serial.println(" %");

  Serial.print("Light Intensity: ");
  Serial.print(lux);
  Serial.println(" lux");
}