#include <DHT.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

// Sensor Pins
#define DHTPIN 2       // DHT11 sensor connected to pin 2
#define DHTTYPE DHT11  // DHT 11
#define SOIL_PIN A0    // Soil moisture sensor on A0
#define PH_PIN A1      // pH sensor on A1
#define BUZZER_PIN 10  // Buzzer or LED connected to pin 10
#define RELAY_PIN 8    // Relay for pump/nutrient control

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);  // Initialize DHT sensor

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);  // LCD setup, I2C address 0x27

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);         // Start serial communication
  dht.begin();                // Initialize the DHT sensor
  lcd.begin(16,2);                // Initialize the LCD display
  lcd.backlight();            // Turn on the backlight
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
  lcd.print("Soil Monitor");
  delay(1000);
}

void loop() {
  // Read moisture value
  int soilMoisture = analogRead(SOIL_PIN);
  float moisturePercentage = map(soilMoisture, 1023, 0, 0, 100);  // Convert to %

  // Read pH value
  int phValue = analogRead(PH_PIN);
  float ph = (phValue * 5.0) / 1023;  // Convert to pH (specific calibration needed)

  // Read temperature and humidity
  float temp = dht.readTemperature();
  float humidity = dht.readHumidity();

  // Display on LCD
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Moisture: ");
  lcd.print(moisturePercentage);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Temp: ");
  lcd.print(temp);
  lcd.print("C");

  // Serial monitor output
  Serial.print("Moisture: ");
  Serial.print(moisturePercentage);
  Serial.print("%  pH: ");
  Serial.print(ph);
  Serial.print("  Temp: ");
  Serial.print(temp);
  Serial.println("C");

  // Alerts and Actions
  if (moisturePercentage < 30) {
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);  // Trigger buzzer/LED if moisture is low
  } else {
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
  }

  if (moisturePercentage < 20) {
    digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH);  // Turn on water pump if moisture is critically low
  } else {
    digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);
  }

  delay(2000);  // Wait for 2 seconds before next reading
}