// Fnu Shoaib Ahmed, 652420658, fahme8
// Lab 5 - Multiple Inputs and Outputs

// Description - In this lab we are trying to do two unconnected things at the same time, using multiple inputs and outputs and be able to read multiple analog inputs.

// Assumptions - I expected the potentiometer to work as increase and decrease the value of photoresister, and the passive buzzer to work correctly.

// References - I used the prelab links to setup my photoresistor on breadboard and the setup of potentiometer and the passive buzzer.

// Demoed to: Daniel


// Define pin connections
const int photoResistorPin = A0; // Photoresistor pin
const int potentiometerPin = A1; // Potentiometer pin
const int buzzerPin = 6; // Buzzer pin
const int ledPins[] = {2, 3, 4, 5}; // LED pins
const int numLEDs = 4; // Number of LEDs

// Variables to store max and min light levels
int maxLightLevel = 0;
int minLightLevel = 1023;

// Timing variables for non-blocking behavior
unsigned long previousMillisLEDs = 0;
unsigned long previousMillisBuzzer = 0;

// Interval for checking sensor data (10 ms)
const unsigned long sensorInterval = 10;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); // Start serial communication
  for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {
    pinMode(ledPins[i], OUTPUT); // Initialize LED pins as outputs
  }
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT); // Initialize the buzzer pin as output
}

void loop() {
  unsigned long currentMillis = millis(); // Get current time
  
  // Check and control LEDs periodically
  if (currentMillis - previousMillisLEDs >= sensorInterval) {
    previousMillisLEDs = currentMillis;
    controlLEDs(); // Control LEDs based on the photoresistor
  }
  
  // Control the buzzer based on potentiometer value
  controlBuzzer();
}

void controlLEDs() {
  int lightLevel = analogRead(photoResistorPin); // Read the current light level
  
  // Track max and min light levels
  if (lightLevel > maxLightLevel) {
    maxLightLevel = lightLevel;
  }
  if (lightLevel < minLightLevel) {
    minLightLevel = lightLevel;
  }

  // Print max and min light levels for debugging
  Serial.print("Light Level: ");
  Serial.print(lightLevel);
  Serial.print(" | Max: ");
  Serial.print(maxLightLevel);
  Serial.print(" | Min: ");
  Serial.println(minLightLevel);

  // Calculate the range and thresholds for LED control
  int range = maxLightLevel - minLightLevel;
  int step = range / 5; // Divide the range by 5

  // Turn off all LEDs initially
  for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {
    digitalWrite(ledPins[i], LOW);
  }

  // Determine the number of LEDs to turn on based on lightLevel
  if (lightLevel < minLightLevel + step) {
    // Very dark - turn on all LEDs
    for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {
      digitalWrite(ledPins[i], HIGH);
    }
  } else if (lightLevel < minLightLevel + 2 * step) {
    // Dark - turn on 3 LEDs
    digitalWrite(ledPins[0], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(ledPins[1], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(ledPins[2], HIGH);
  } else if (lightLevel < minLightLevel + 3 * step) {
    // Moderate light - turn on 2 LEDs
    digitalWrite(ledPins[0], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(ledPins[1], HIGH);
  } else if (lightLevel < minLightLevel + 4 * step) {
    // Bright - turn on 1 LED
    digitalWrite(ledPins[0], HIGH);
  } else {
    // Very bright - turn on all LEDs
    for (int i = 0; i < numLEDs; i++) {
      digitalWrite(ledPins[i], LOW);
    }
  }


}

void controlBuzzer() {
  int potValue = analogRead(potentiometerPin); // Read the potentiometer value
  unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
  
  // Calculate delay time based on potentiometer value
  unsigned long delayTime;
  if (potValue < 146) {
    // a. Buzzer is turned off in the lowest range
    noTone(buzzerPin); // Ensure the buzzer is off
    return; // Exit the function, no need to check further
  } else if (potValue < 292) {
    // b. 8 seconds between tones
    delayTime = 8000;
  } else if (potValue < 438) {
    // c. 4 seconds between tones
    delayTime = 4000;
  } else if (potValue < 584) {
    // d. 2 seconds between tones
    delayTime = 2000;
  } else if (potValue < 730) {
    // e. 1 second between tones
    delayTime = 1000;
  } else if (potValue < 876) {
    // f. 1/2 second between tones
    delayTime = 500;
  } else {
    // g. Continuous tone for highest range
    delayTime = 0;
  }
  
  // Non-blocking tone control
  if (delayTime > 0) {
    // Play the tone after the delay time has passed
    if (currentMillis - previousMillisBuzzer >= delayTime) {
      previousMillisBuzzer = currentMillis;
      tone(buzzerPin, 440, 100); // Play the buzzer tone for 100 ms
    }
  } else {
    // Continuous tone for the highest range
    tone(buzzerPin, 440); // Play continuous tone
  }
}