int potPin = A0;
int ledPin = 9;
int brightness = 0;
int dt = 500;

void setup(){
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(potPin , INPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin , OUTPUT);
}
void loop(){
  int potValue = analogRead(potPin);

  // COnversion of analog value which is between 0 to 1023 into analog voltage

  float voltage = (potValue * 5.0) / 1023.0;
  brightness = map(potValue , 0 , 1023 , 0 , 255);
  analogWrite(ledPin , brightness);
  Serial.print("Potentiometer value = ");
  Serial.print(potValue );
  Serial.print("  ; ");
  Serial.print("Analog Voltage Reading  = ");
  Serial.print(voltage);
  Serial.print("V");
  Serial.print("  ; ");
  Serial.print(" Brightness  = ");
  Serial.println(brightness);
  delay(dt);
}

//potentiometer is a displacement sensor
//X axis - potValue(0 to 1023) and Y axis - brightness(0 to 255)
//brightness = (255/1023) * potValue
//map(input , range)