from machine import Pin
import utime

# 1. Toggle LED
led = Pin(15, Pin.OUT)
while True:
    led.toggle()
    utime.sleep(1)

# 2. Toggle LED with increasing frequency
led = Pin(15, Pin.OUT)
freq = 1
while True:
    led.toggle()
    utime.sleep(1 / freq)
    freq += 1

# 3. Toggle LEDs for binary representation of a decimal number
blue = Pin(14, Pin.OUT)
yellow = Pin(13, Pin.OUT)
red = Pin(12, Pin.OUT)
num = 5
for bit in bin(num)[2:]:
    if bit == '1':
        blue.on()
        yellow.off()
    else:
        blue.off()
        yellow.on()
    utime.sleep(0.5)
red.on()

# 4. Toggle LEDs for binary representation for numbers in range M to N
blue = Pin(14, Pin.OUT)
yellow = Pin(13, Pin.OUT)
red = Pin(12, Pin.OUT)
M = 3
N = 10
for num in range(M, N + 1):
    for bit in bin(num)[2:]:
        if bit == '1':
            blue.on()
            yellow.off()
        else:
            blue.off()
            yellow.on()
        utime.sleep(0.5)
    red.on()

# 5. Toggle LEDs for positions of ones and zeros in binary representation
led_1 = [Pin(i, Pin.OUT) for i in range(2, 10)]  
led_0 = [Pin(i, Pin.OUT) for i in range(10, 18)]  
num = 9
bin_num = bin(num)[2:]
bin_num = '0' * (8 - len(bin_num)) + bin_num
for i in range(8):
    if bin_num[i] == '1':
        led_1[i].on()
    else:
        led_0[i].on()
    utime.sleep(0.5)