/*
This is working well and pretty easy to undertand how the code works.
7/29/25 CM:
I believe this is working code!!
1. 12 hour leds, one lights every hour
2. 12 5-minute leds, one lights every 5 minutes
3. RGB led cyles through color spectrum once every 5 minutes
  a. 300 seconds / 3 = 100 second sections.
  
7/30/25 CM:
1. RGB LED tested on breadboard, works as expected!

*** USE THIS FINISHED VERSION ***
Sketch uses 1336 bytes (4%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32768 bytes.
Global variables use 60 bytes (2%) of dynamic memory, leaving 1988 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2048 bytes.

*/

#define F_CPU 8000000UL
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <util/delay.h>

// === Hour LED Pins (PORTC: PC0, PC1, PC2, PC3) ===
#define P0 PC0
#define P1 PC1
#define P2 PC2
#define P3 PC3

// === Minute LED Pins (PD6, PD7, PB0, PB1) ===
#define Q0 PD6
#define Q1 PD7
#define Q2 PB0
#define Q3 PB1

// === Pushbutton Pins ===
#define BTN_HOUR   PD2
#define BTN_5MIN   PD4
#define BTN_START  PB2 

// === RGB PWM Variables ===
uint8_t red = 255;
uint8_t green = 0;
uint8_t blue = 0;

// === LED Mappings: 12 LEDs per group, high_pin, low_pin ===
const uint8_t hour_leds[12][2] = {
  {P0, P1}, {P1, P0}, {P0, P2}, {P2, P0},
  {P0, P3}, {P3, P0}, {P1, P2}, {P2, P1},
  {P1, P3}, {P3, P1}, {P2, P3}, {P3, P2}
};

const uint8_t minute_leds[12][2] = {
  {Q0, Q1}, {Q1, Q0}, {Q0, Q2}, {Q2, Q0},
  {Q0, Q3}, {Q3, Q0}, {Q1, Q2}, {Q2, Q1},
  {Q1, Q3}, {Q3, Q1}, {Q2, Q3}, {Q3, Q2}
};

// === Timekeeping and Setting State ===
#define SECONDS_PER_HOUR 60  // 3600 in real mode, 60 to test
#define SECONDS_PER_5MIN 5   // 300 in real mode, 5 to test

volatile uint32_t seconds = 0;
uint8_t hour = 0;
uint8_t five_minute_index = 0;

// === Global variables to track time-setting state ===
volatile uint8_t set_hour = 0;
volatile uint8_t set_5min = 0;
volatile uint8_t setting_mode = 1;  // 1 = time-setting, 0 = running

// === Timer1 Initialization ===
void timer1_init() {
  TCCR1A = 0;                // Normal mode
  TCCR1B = (1 << WGM12);     // CTC mode 4, OCR1A = TOP
  TCCR1B |= (1 << CS12);     // Prescaler 256
  OCR1A = 31250;             // Compare match every 1 second
  TIMSK1 |= (1 << OCIE1A);   // Enable interrupt
  sei();                     // Enable global interrupts
}

/*
Fast PWM mode on:
PB3 / OC2A for Red (Timer2)
PD3 / OC2B for Green (Timer2)
PD5 / OC0B for Blue (Timer0)
*/

// === Timer0 and Timer2 Init for RGB PWM ===
void rgb_pwm_init(void) {
  // --- RED + GREEN on Timer2 (8-bit) ---
  // Fast PWM, non-inverting on OC2A (PB3), OC2B (PD3)
  // This sets both channels oF Timer2
  TCCR2A = (1 << COM2A1) | (1 << COM2B1) | (1 << WGM21) | (1 << WGM20);
  TCCR2B = (1 << CS21); // Prescaler 8 -> ~3.9kHz
  OCR2A = 0;  // RED PWM (PB3)
  OCR2B = 0;  // GREEN PWM (PD3)

  // --- BLUE on Timer0 (8-bit) ---
  // Fast PWM, non-inverting on OC0B (PD5)
  TCCR0A = (1 << COM0B1) | (1 << WGM01) | (1 << WGM00);
  TCCR0B = (1 << CS01); // Prescaler 8 -> ~3.9kHz PWM
  OCR0B = 0;  // BLUE PWM (PD5)

  // Set RGB pins as output
  DDRB |= (1 << PB3);              // RED
  DDRD |= (1 << PD3) | (1 << PD5); // GREEN, BLUE
}


// === RGB Color Transition ===
void update_rgb_color(uint16_t seconds) {

  // To adjust timing interval to one minute:
  //   1. change 100 to 20 (3 places)
  //   2. change ISR to 60 (one place)

  uint8_t phase = seconds / 20; // 20 = 1 min total, 100 = 5 min total
  uint8_t step = (seconds % 20) * 255 / 20; // this maps seconds, to value 1 to 255

  switch (phase) {
    case 0: // Red -> Green
      red = 255 - step;
      green = step;
      blue = 0;
      break;
    case 1: // Green -> Blue
      red = 0;
      green = 255 - step;
      blue = step;
      break;
    case 2: // Blue -> Red
      red = step;
      green = 0;
      blue = 255 - step;
      break;
  }

  OCR2A = red;    // PB3
  OCR2B = green;  // PD3
  OCR0B = blue;   // PD5
}


// === Reset Pins to Hi-Z ===
void reset_hour_pins() {
  DDRC &= ~((1 << P0) | (1 << P1) | (1 << P2) | (1 << P3));
  PORTC &= ~((1 << P0) | (1 << P1) | (1 << P2) | (1 << P3));
}

void reset_minute_pins() {
  DDRD &= ~((1 << Q0) | (1 << Q1));
  PORTD &= ~((1 << Q0) | (1 << Q1));

  DDRB &= ~((1 << Q2) | (1 << Q3));
  PORTB &= ~((1 << Q2) | (1 << Q3));
}


// === Light a Single Hour LED ===
void light_hour_led(uint8_t index) {
  reset_hour_pins();
  uint8_t high = hour_leds[index][0];
  uint8_t low  = hour_leds[index][1];

  DDRC |= (1 << high) | (1 << low);
  PORTC |= (1 << high);
  PORTC &= ~(1 << low);
}


// === Light a Single Minute LED ===
void light_minute_led(uint8_t index) {
  reset_minute_pins();
  uint8_t high = minute_leds[index][0];
  uint8_t low  = minute_leds[index][1];

  if (high == PB0 || high == PB1) { DDRB |= (1 << high); PORTB |= (1 << high); }
  else                            { DDRD |= (1 << high); PORTD |= (1 << high); }

  if (low == PB0 || low == PB1)  { DDRB |= (1 << low); PORTB &= ~(1 << low); }
  else                           { DDRD |= (1 << low); PORTD &= ~(1 << low); }
}


// === Timer1 ISR: 1-second Tick ===
ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) {
  if (!setting_mode) {
    seconds++;

    if (seconds % SECONDS_PER_HOUR == 0) { // 3600, 60 for testing
      hour = (hour + 1) % 12;
    }

    if (seconds % SECONDS_PER_5MIN == 0) { // 300, 5 for testing
      five_minute_index = (five_minute_index + 1) % 12;
    }

    // Replace 60 with SECONDS_PER_5MIN in real time mode
    update_rgb_color(seconds % 60); // 60 for 1 min, 300 for 5 min
  }
}


// === Pushbutton Polling ===
void check_buttons() {
  // === Hour Button (PD2) ===
  if (!(PIND & (1 << BTN_HOUR))) {
    _delay_ms(50);
    if (!(PIND & (1 << BTN_HOUR))) {
      set_hour = (set_hour + 1) % 12;
      while (!(PIND & (1 << BTN_HOUR))); // wait for release
    }
  }

  // === 5-Minute Button (PD4) ===
  if (!(PIND & (1 << BTN_5MIN))) {
    _delay_ms(50);
    if (!(PIND & (1 << BTN_5MIN))) {
      set_5min = (set_5min + 1) % 12;
      while (!(PIND & (1 << BTN_5MIN)));
    }
  }

  // === Start/Save Button (PB2) ===
  if (!(PINB & (1 << BTN_START))) {
    _delay_ms(50);
    if (!(PINB & (1 << BTN_START))) {
      // Save and start clock
      hour = set_hour;
      five_minute_index = set_5min;
      seconds = set_5min * SECONDS_PER_5MIN;
      setting_mode = 0;
      while (!(PINB & (1 << BTN_START)));
    }
  }
}


// === Main ===
int main(void) {
  // Setup
  timer1_init();
  rgb_pwm_init();
  reset_hour_pins();
  reset_minute_pins();

  // Set button pins as input with pull-ups
  DDRD &= ~((1 << BTN_HOUR) | (1 << BTN_5MIN));
  PORTD |= (1 << BTN_HOUR) | (1 << BTN_5MIN);

  DDRB &= ~(1 << BTN_START);
  PORTB |= (1 << BTN_START);

  while (1) {
    // === Time-setting mode ===
    if (setting_mode) {
      check_buttons();                        // Poll buttons
      light_hour_led(set_hour);               // Show setting
      _delay_ms(3);
      light_minute_led(set_5min);
      _delay_ms(3);
    }
    // === Normal clock mode ===
    else {
      light_hour_led(hour);
      _delay_ms(3);
      light_minute_led(five_minute_index);
      _delay_ms(3);
    }
  }
}