/*
 * 🌱 INTELLIGENT PLANT POT WITH TAMAGOTCHI EMOTIONS
 * 🎯 Project: Smart plant monitoring system with emotional feedback
 * 👨‍🎓 Target: High school students - STEM+ Education
 * 📚 Concepts: Sensor integration, conditional logic, emotional AI
 */

// 📚 LIBRARY INCLUSIONS
#include <DHT.h>               // 🌡️ For DHT11 temperature/humidity sensor
#include <Wire.h>              // 🔌 I2C communication protocol
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>  // 📺 OLED display control
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>      // 🎨 Graphics functions for display

// 🔧 HARDWARE PIN CONFIGURATION
#define DHT_PIN 2              // 🌡️ Digital pin for DHT11 sensor
#define LDR_PIN A0             // ☀️ Analog pin for light sensor
#define SOIL_MOISTURE_PIN A1   // 💧 Analog pin for soil moisture

#define LED_WATER 3            // 🔴 Red LED - irrigation needed
#define LED_LIGHT 4            // 🟢 Green LED - lighting needed  
#define LED_FAN 5              // 🔵 Blue LED - ventilation needed

// 🔄 SENSOR TYPE DEFINITION
#define DHT_TYPE DHT11         // 🌡️ Specify we're using DHT11 (not DHT22)

// 🎮 SENSOR OBJECT INITIALIZATION
DHT dht(DHT_PIN, DHT_TYPE);    // 🌡️ Create DHT sensor object

// 📺 OLED DISPLAY CONFIGURATION
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(128, 64, &Wire, -1);  // 🖥️ 128x64 pixel display

// 💾 VARIABLE DECLARATIONS
float temperature;             // 🌡️ Stores temperature in Celsius
float airHumidity;             // 💨 Stores air humidity percentage
int soilMoisture;              // 💧 Stores soil moisture level
int lightIntensity;            // ☀️ Stores light intensity level

void setup() {
  // 🚀 INITIALIZATION SEQUENCE
  Serial.begin(9600);          // 🔄 Start serial communication for debugging
  Serial.println("🌱 Smart Plant Pot Initializing...");
  
  // 🔌 SENSOR INITIALIZATION
  dht.begin();                 // 🌡️ Start DHT11 sensor
  Serial.println("✅ DHT11 Sensor Ready");
  
  // 💡 LED PIN CONFIGURATION
  pinMode(LED_WATER, OUTPUT);  // 🔴 Water indicator LED
  pinMode(LED_LIGHT, OUTPUT);  // 🟢 Light indicator LED  
  pinMode(LED_FAN, OUTPUT);    // 🔵 Fan indicator LED
  Serial.println("✅ LED Outputs Configured");
  
  // 🖥️ OLED DISPLAY INITIALIZATION
  if(!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C)) {
    Serial.println("❌ OLED Display Connection Failed!");
    while(1); // 🛑 Halt execution if display fails
  }
  Serial.println("✅ OLED Display Ready");
  
  // 🎯 WELCOME MESSAGE
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(0,0);
  display.println("Smart Plant Pot");
  display.println("Initializing...");
  display.println("🌱 Tamagotchi Mode");
  display.display();
  delay(2000); // ⏳ Show welcome message
  
  Serial.println("🎉 System Ready! Monitoring Plant Conditions...");
}

void loop() {
  // 🔄 MAIN PROGRAM LOOP - Runs continuously
  
  // 📊 STEP 1: READ ALL SENSORS
  readSensorData();
  
  // 🎭 STEP 2: ANALYZE PLANT EMOTION (Combining all 3 sensors)
  String plantEmotion = analyzePlantEmotion(temperature, soilMoisture, lightIntensity);
  
  // ⚡ STEP 3: CONTROL OUTPUT DEVICES
  controlOutputDevices(soilMoisture, lightIntensity, temperature);
  
  // 📺 STEP 4: UPDATE DISPLAY WITH CURRENT STATUS
  updateDisplay(temperature, soilMoisture, lightIntensity, plantEmotion);
  
  // ⏳ WAIT BEFORE NEXT READING
  delay(3000); // 🕒 Update every 3 seconds
}

/*
 * 📊 FUNCTION: readSensorData()
 * 🎯 PURPOSE: Read values from all three sensors
 * 🔧 PROCESS: 
 *   - Read temperature & humidity from DHT11
 *   - Read soil moisture from analog sensor  
 *   - Read light intensity from LDR
 *   - Map raw values to meaningful ranges
 */
void readSensorData() {
  // 🌡️ READ TEMPERATURE & AIR HUMIDITY
  temperature = dht.readTemperature();  // ❄️🔥 Get temperature in Celsius
  airHumidity = dht.readHumidity();     // 💨 Get air humidity percentage
  
  // 🛠️ ERROR HANDLING FOR DHT SENSOR
  if (isnan(temperature) || isnan(airHumidity)) {
    Serial.println("❌ Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return; // 🔄 Skip this reading cycle
  }
  
  // 💧 READ SOIL MOISTURE
  int soilRaw = analogRead(SOIL_MOISTURE_PIN);  // 📖 Read raw analog value
  soilMoisture = map(soilRaw, 0, 1023, 0, 100); // 🗺️ Convert to percentage
  soilMoisture = 100 - soilMoisture;            // 🔄 Invert (0% = dry, 100% = wet)
  
  // ☀️ READ LIGHT INTENSITY  
  int lightRaw = analogRead(LDR_PIN);           // 📖 Read raw analog value
  lightIntensity = map(lightRaw, 0, 1023, 0, 100); // 🗺️ Convert to percentage
  
  // 📝 DEBUG OUTPUT
  Serial.print("🌡️ Temp: "); Serial.print(temperature); Serial.print("°C");
  Serial.print(" | 💧 Soil: "); Serial.print(soilMoisture); Serial.print("%");
  Serial.print(" | ☀️ Light: "); Serial.print(lightIntensity); Serial.println("%");
}

/*
 * 🎭 FUNCTION: analyzePlantEmotion()
 * 🎯 PURPOSE: Determine plant's emotional state using ALL THREE sensors
 * 🔍 LOGIC: Uses combined conditions from temperature, soil moisture, AND light
 * 💡 DESIGN: Each emotion requires specific combination of all three factors
 */
String analyzePlantEmotion(float temp, int soil, int light) {
  /*
   * 😊 HAPPY: Ideal conditions across all three parameters
   * Conditions: Perfect temperature + Good moisture + Balanced light
   */
  if (temp >= 20.0 && temp <= 26.0 && 
      soil >= 40 && soil <= 70 && 
      light >= 40 && light <= 80) {
    return "HAPPY 😊"; // 🌟 Perfect conditions!
  }

  /*
   * 😡 ANGRY: Extreme heat with dry soil and excessive light
   * Conditions: Too hot + Very dry + Too bright
   */
  if (temp > 32.0 && soil < 20 && light > 85) {
    return "ANGRY 😡"; // 🔥 Hot, dry, and overwhelmed by light
  }

  /*
   * 😪 SAD: Unfavorable cold with dryness and darkness
   * Conditions: Too cold + Dry + Too dark  
   */
  if (temp < 15.0 && soil < 25 && light < 25) {
    return "SAD 😪"; // ❄️ Cold, thirsty, and in darkness
  }

  /*
   * 🥵 STRESSED: Heat stress with overwatering and strong light
   * Conditions: Very hot + Overwatered + Intense light
   */
  if (temp > 30.0 && soil > 80 && light > 75) {
    return "STRESSED 🥵"; // 💦 Hot, drowning, and light-stressed
  }

  /*
   * 🥱 THIRSTY: Dry conditions with moderate temperature and light
   * Conditions: Dry soil + Normal temp + Normal light
   */
  if (soil < 20 && temp >= 18.0 && temp <= 28.0 && light >= 30 && light <= 70) {
    return "THIRSTY 🥱"; // 💧 Specifically needs water
  }

  /*
   * 😨 COLD_STRESS: Low temperature with adequate moisture but poor light
   * Conditions: Cold + Good moisture + Insufficient light
   */
  if (temp < 12.0 && soil >= 40 && soil <= 80 && light < 40) {
    return "COLD_STRESS 😨"; // ❄️ Chilly with other needs met
  }

  /*
   * 😓 OVERHEATED: High temperature with reasonable moisture and light
   * Conditions: Hot + Moderate moisture + Moderate light
   */
  if (temp > 28.0 && soil >= 30 && soil <= 60 && light >= 50 && light <= 80) {
    return "OVERHEATED 😓"; // 🔥 Needs cooling but otherwise okay
  }

  /*
   * 🌑 DARK_DEPRESSION: Extremely low light with cool temperature and dry soil
   * Conditions: Very dark + Cool + Dry
   */
  if (light < 15 && temp < 20.0 && soil < 30) {
    return "DARK_DEPRESSION 🌑"; // 🌑 Multiple deficiencies
  }

  /*
   * 💀 CRITICAL: Extreme conditions threatening plant survival
   * Conditions: Dangerous temp + Critical moisture + Problematic light
   */
  if ((temp > 38.0 || temp < 5.0) && (soil < 10 || soil > 95) && (light < 10 || light > 95)) {
    return "CRITICAL 💀"; // 🚨 Emergency situation
  }

  /*
   * 😌 CONTENT: Acceptable conditions across all parameters
   * Conditions: Within tolerable ranges for all three factors
   */
  if (temp >= 18.0 && temp <= 28.0 && 
      soil >= 30 && soil <= 80 && 
      light >= 30 && light <= 85) {
    return "CONTENT 😌"; // 👍 Acceptable conditions
  }

  // 🎭 DEFAULT: Conditions don't match any specific emotion
  return "NEUTRAL 😐";
}

/*
 * ⚡ FUNCTION: controlOutputDevices()
 * 🎯 PURPOSE: Control LEDs based on sensor readings
 * 💡 LOGIC: Independent control for each output device
 */
void controlOutputDevices(int soil, int light, float temp) {
  // 💧 WATERING CONTROL: Activate if soil is too dry
  digitalWrite(LED_WATER, soil < 30); // 🔴 Red LED ON if soil dry
  
  // 💡 LIGHTING CONTROL: Activate if environment is too dark  
  digitalWrite(LED_LIGHT, light < 20); // 🟢 Green LED ON if dark
  
  // 🌪️ VENTILATION CONTROL: Activate if temperature is too high
  digitalWrite(LED_FAN, temp > 28.0); // 🔵 Blue LED ON if hot
  
  // 📝 STATUS FEEDBACK
  Serial.print("💡 Outputs - ");
  Serial.print("Water: "); Serial.print(soil < 30 ? "ON" : "OFF");
  Serial.print(" | Light: "); Serial.print(light < 20 ? "ON" : "OFF");  
  Serial.print(" | Fan: "); Serial.println(temp > 28.0 ? "ON" : "OFF");
}

/*
 * 📺 FUNCTION: updateDisplay()
 * 🎯 PURPOSE: Show sensor data and plant emotion on OLED
 * 🎨 DESIGN: Clear, organized layout with visual appeal
 */
void updateDisplay(float temp, int soil, int light, String emotion) {
  display.clearDisplay();      // 🧹 Clear previous content
  display.setTextSize(1);      // 📐 Set text size
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE); // ⚪ White text on black background
  
  // 📊 SENSOR DATA SECTION
  display.setCursor(0, 0);     // 🎯 Position cursor at top-left
  display.println("PLANT MONITOR SYSTEM");
  display.println("-------------------");
  
  display.print("Temp: "); display.print(temp, 1); display.println(" C");
  display.print("Soil: "); display.print(soil); display.println(" %");
  display.print("Light: "); display.print(light); display.println(" %");
  
  display.println("-------------------");
  
  // 🎭 EMOTION DISPLAY SECTION
  display.setTextSize(1);      // 📐 Slightly larger for emotion
  display.setCursor(0, 40);    // 🎯 Position for emotion display
  display.print("EMOTION: ");
  display.setTextSize(1);      // 📐 Standard size for emotion text
  display.println(emotion);
  
  // 💡 STATUS INDICATORS
  display.setCursor(0, 55);
  display.print("W:"); display.print(digitalRead(LED_WATER) ? "ON " : "OFF");
  display.print(" L:"); display.print(digitalRead(LED_LIGHT) ? "ON " : "OFF");
  display.print(" F:"); display.print(digitalRead(LED_FAN) ? "ON" : "OFF");
  
  display.display();           // 🖥️ Update physical display
}